Pythium soft rot of ginger: Detection and identification of the causal pathogens,and their control |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, John Hines (Bld 62), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia;2. Queensland Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry, Maroochy Research Station, PO Box 5083, SCMC, Nambour, 4560, Australia;3. Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;1. USDA-ARS, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA;2. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2123, USA;3. USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Utilization Research Unit, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710-1105, USA;1. Shandong Center of Crop Germplasm Resources, Ji''nan, Shandong, 250100, China;2. Crop Diversification Centre North, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Edmonton, AB, T5Y 6H3, Canada;3. Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China;4. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada;5. Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada;6. AAFC, Brandon, MB, R7A 5Y3, Canada;1. Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China;2. Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402168, China;3. College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434022, China;4. Chongqing Fuyuan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Yongchuan 402160, China;1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;2. College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Ginger is considered by many people to be the outstanding member among 1400 other species in the family Zingiberaceae. Not only it is a valuable spice used by cooks throughout the world to impart unique flavour to their dishes but it also has a long track record in some Chinese and Indian cultures for treating common human ailments such as colds and headaches. Ginger has recently attracted considerable attention for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, ginger as a crop is also susceptible to at least 24 different plant pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes. Of these, Pythium spp. (within the kingdom Stramenopila, phyllum Oomycota) are of most concern because various species can cause rotting and yield loss on ginger at any of the growth stages including during postharvest storage. Pythium gracile was the first species in the genus to be reported as a ginger pathogen, causing Pythium soft rot disease in India in 1907. Thereafter, numerous other Pythium spp. have been recorded from ginger growing regions throughout the world. Today, 15 Pythium species have been implicated as pathogens of the soft rot disease. Because accurate identification of a pathogen is the cornerstone of effective disease management programs, this review will focus on how to detect, identify and control Pythium spp. in general, with special emphasis on Pythium spp. associated with soft rot on ginger. |
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| Keywords: | Oomycota Pythium Ginger Advanced detection Control strategies Production |
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