仿形进阶式天然橡胶自动割胶机设计与试验

为解决我国天然橡胶割胶工作强度高、技术难度大及割胶工紧缺等问题,本文设计一种仿形进阶式天然橡胶割胶机,通过分析割胶轨迹得到割胶轨迹方程,设计采用丝杠传动实现竖直运动和圆柱齿轮啮合传动实现椭圆运动的复合运动为割胶运动方式。工作时,整机通过可调式捆绑机构固定于橡胶树上;利用Arduino开发板控制电机的动作顺序,采用直流推杆控制割胶机进刀退刀动作,采用减速步进电机完成割胶机复合割胶运动,采用步进电机完成移位动作。为验证该机性能,利用Design-Expert软件设计并进行林间试验。结果表明：当割胶机在减速步进电机转速21 r/min、刀具角度25°和拉簧预紧力20 N时,割胶质量最佳且耗电量最低,前5 min排胶量为6.29 mL、平均耗电量为1.07 W·h,满足设计要求。

Design and Test of Profiling Progressive Natural Rubber Automatic Tapping Machine

To solve the problems of high working intensity, high technical difficulty, and shortage of cutting workers of natural rubber in China, a profiling progressive natural rubber tapping machine was designed. Through the analysis of the tapping trajectory equation, the lead screw transmission implemented vertical movement and the cylindrical gear meshing transmission were used to achieve the compound movement of the elliptic motion for the tapping movement way. When the whole machine was working, it was fixed on the rubber tree through the adjustable binding mechanism; the Arduino development board was used to control the motor''s action sequence, Dc motor rod was used to control the knife in and out of the cutting machine, decelerating stepper motor was used to complete the compound cutting machine''s rubber cutting movement, and the stepping motor was used to complete the displacement action. To verify the performance of the machine for forest test, Design-Expert software was used to design and test. The results showed that when the rubber tapping machine was at a motor speed of 21r/min, a cutter angle of 25° and a tension spring preload of 20N, the quality of rubber tapping was the best and the power consumption was the lowest, with a discharge volume of 6.29mL in the first five minutes and average power consumption of 1.07W·h. The research result can provide a reference for the subsequent development of mechanized and intelligent rubber tapping equipment.