蚯蚓对设施番木瓜土壤生态环境的影响

以番木瓜品种穗中红为试材,进行不同处理（树盘覆盖牛粪接种蚯蚓、树盘覆盖牛粪和常规施肥）设施栽培番木瓜试验,探讨蚯蚓对设施番木瓜土壤生态环境的影响。结果表明,牛粪接种蚯蚓处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别比牛粪处理和常规施肥处理提高30.16%、23.58%、12.95%、12.55%和71.55%、45.20%、66.95%、48.80%;牛粪接种蚯蚓处理的土壤重金属Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr含量分别比牛粪处理和常规施肥处理低39.789%、43.881%、41.222%、34.821%、26.360%和49.018%、55.014%、55.624%、52.443%、40.502%。可见,树盘覆盖牛粪接种蚯蚓处理能够有效提高土壤养分含量,降低土壤中的重金属含量,是一种值得在番木瓜产区大力推广的生产模式。

Influence of earthworm on ecological environment of papaya plantation soils under protected conditions

This experiment is an attempt to study the influence of earthworm on ecological environment of papaya（variety Suizhonghong） plantation soils under protected conditions.Three treatments have been given,（i） covering the papaya root with cow dung inoculated with earthworm,（ii） covering the papaya root with cow dung and（iii） conventional fertilization.The results showed that the organic matter contents,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available P and available K increased by 30.16,23.58,12.95 and 12.55%,respectively,in soils with the first treatment,compared to the second treatment,while increased by 71.55,45.20,66.95 and 48.80%,respectively,compared to the third treatment.The contents of Pb,Cu,Zn,Cd and Cr decreased by 39.789,43.881,41.222,34.821 and 26.360%,repectively,in the first treatment,compared to the second treatment,while decreased by 49.018,55.014,55.624,52.443 and 40.502%,respectively,compared to the third treatment.Therefore,covering the papaya root with cow dung inoculated with earthworm could improve the content of soil nutrient and decreased the content of heavy metals.