滨海盐碱地不同抗虫棉品种的产量和熟相及去早果枝的效应

 为探讨不同抗虫棉品种在滨海盐碱地的产量和熟相及其对去早果枝的反应，以早发型（鲁棉研17、21）、晚发型（鲁棉研18、22）抗虫棉和两者的F₁杂交种（01H00、01H01）为材料，于2006－2007年在东营市盐碱棉田进行了试验观察。结果表明，早发型和晚发型抗虫棉品种间的早熟性和熟相存在显著差异，两者的杂交种在2006和2007年分别比常规种增产5.7%~14.5%和4.7%~6.8%，并表现出较好的熟相。早发型常规抗虫棉去早果枝增产5.6%~8.4%，早衰得到延缓；晚发型常规抗虫棉去早果枝减产9.3%~13.1%，表现晚熟。利用不同熟相类型的常规抗虫棉配置杂交组合以及对早发抗虫棉品种去早果枝都是延缓早衰、提高盐碱地棉花产量的有效途径。

Yield and Maturity Performance of Bt Transgenic Cotton Varieties and Their Response to Removal of Early Fruiting Branches in a Coastal Saline Field

Our previous report has indicated that current Bt transgenic cotton varieties can be divided into two types，the early-developed (ED) and the late-developed type (LD)，according to their maturity performance. In the present experiments, cotton cultivars, SCR 17 or SCR 21(ED type), SCR 18 or SCR 22 (LD type), and 01H00 or 01H01 (hybrids of the two types) were planted in a coastal saline field in Dongying in 2006 and 2007. The effects of removal of early fruiting branches (EFB) on yield and maturity performance were examined. It was shown that, there existed significant differences between ED and LD cotton in earliness and maturity performance. Hybrids (ED × LD) produced 5.7%~14.5% and 4.7%~6.8% more lint in 2006 and 2007, respectively, and exhibited better maturity performance than ED and LD. Removal of EFB increased lint yields by 5.6%~8.4% and considerably delayed premature senescence in the ED type, but lint yield of the LD type was decreased by 9.3%~13.1% with EFB removal and maturity was delayed. It was concluded that planting hybrids of ED × LD and EFB removal for early-developed cotton plants might be potential ways to delay premature senescence and increase yield of cotton in saline fields.