钾肥对砂质潮土夏玉米产量及土壤钾素平衡的影响

在砂质潮土上设置田间试验,研究了不同施钾量与钾肥施用方式对夏玉米产量及土壤钾素平衡的影响。结果表明:随着钾肥用量的增加,夏玉米产量、土壤速效钾含量和植株钾素积累量均增加,要保持土壤速效钾平衡,钾肥用量应达150kg/hm²以上。相同施钾水平下,分次施钾的增产增收效应、钾肥当季回收率均显著高于一次基施肥处理。从钾肥的增产增收效应、钾肥当季回收率、土壤钾素平衡等多方面综合分析,以施钾量225kg/hm²分次施用时效果最好,与不施钾处理相比可增产1026kg/hm²,钾肥当季回收率为45.9%,并实现土壤速效钾的盈余。

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application on the Yield of Summer Maize and Soil Available K Balance in Sandy Soil

Field plot experiment was used to study the effect of potassium fertilizer application on the yield of summer maize and soil K balance in the sandy soil in Henan province, the result showed that the yield, the soil available K content and plant K accumulation increased as the potassium fertilizer rate were increased, to keep the soil available K balance, the potassium fertilizer rate must be above 150 kg/ha at least. Under condition of the same rate of potassium fertilizer, the regime with ratio of basal dressing of 5:5 showed better than that with total fertilizer as dressing at yield, profit and potassium fertilizer recovery. Took considering of the higher yield, profit, fertilizer recovery rate and soil K balance as a whole, the treatment with 225 kg/ha of K₂O application in two times was optimal with total increment of 1 026 kg/ha with potassium fertilizer recovery rate of 45.9%, and with the soil available K balance.