抗病诱导剂与杀菌剂混合处理对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果

采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子囊萌发抑制法测定β- 氨基丁酸（BABA）、苯并噻二唑（BTH）、水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）4 种抗病诱导剂对马铃薯晚疫病菌菌丝生长和孢子囊萌发的影响，通过盆栽试验筛选出最佳药剂和适宜浓度，将抗病诱导剂与杀菌剂混合进行大田试验。结果表明：离体条件下，4 种抗病诱导剂对马铃薯晚疫病菌的菌丝生长和孢子囊萌发无抑制作用；盆栽试验中，4 种抗病诱导剂处理能够导致马铃薯植株晚疫病病情指数下降和产量增加，且随浓度增加，晚疫病抗性增强，其中BABA 诱导抗病效果最好，适宜浓度为50 μg · mL-1，防效为64.83%。田间试验结果显示，与单独使用化学杀菌剂相比，BABA与杀菌剂混合处理效果更好，晚疫病最终防效高达81.28%，产量为2 911.08 kg ·（ 667 m²）^-1。以上结果说明：BABA 能够较好地诱发马铃薯对晚疫病的抗病性，田间防治推荐将化学杀菌剂与抗病诱导剂BABA 联合使用。

Control Effect of Dual Disposal Combining Disease-resistant Inducer with Fungicide on Potato Late Blight

The effects of 4 disease-resistant inducers，including β-aminobutyric acid （BABA）， benzothiadiazole （BTH），salicylic acid（SA）and methyl jasmonate （MJ）on mycelial growth of potato late blight pathogenic bacteria and sporangium germination rate were determined by using growth rate method and sporangium germination inhibition method．The best medicament with suitable concentration was screened out through pot experiment，and then field experiment was carried out by mixing the disease-resistant inducer with fungicide．The results showed that these 4 disease-resistant inducers had no inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and sporangial germination of Phytophthora infestans in vitro．The 4 disease-resistant inducers treatments could lead to decreasing of late blight disease index and increasing of potato yield．The disease resistance to late blight was strengthened along with the increase of concentration．Among all 4 disease-resistant inducers BABA had the best disease-resistant effect．The suitable concentration was 50 μg · mL^-1，and its control effect was 64.83%．Results of field trial indicated that the treatment of combing BABA with fungicides had better effect than that of use of chemical fungicides．The final control effect on potato late blight could reach as high as 81.28%，and potato yield was 43.7 t · hm^-2．The above results showed that BABA could better induce potato resistance to late blight，and the combined use of chemical fungicide with disease-resistant inducer BABA was recommended for field control．