组培脱毒嘉定白蒜原原种生产的技术关键点试验研究

以脱毒嘉定白蒜为试材，研究水肥供给对组培苗和组培鳞茎的生长及原原种质量的影响以及继代次数和组培鳞茎播期对原原种质量的影响，然后进行脱毒原种和常规蒜种的生产比较试验。通过水肥供给试验筛选出最佳处理组合（组织类型为组培鳞茎、32 孔穴盘、灌溉时间为30 min、补肥间隔为14 d）；15 代组培鳞茎相比8 代组培鳞茎更适合用于嘉定白蒜原原种繁育；相对晚播有利于提高原原种鳞茎中正常分瓣比例，但是显著影响鳞茎生物量的积累；在生产比较试验中，脱毒大蒜原种各项生长指标以及鳞茎质量均显著优于常规蒜种。试验结果为实现嘉定白蒜脱毒种苗的产业化提供了技术支持。

Studies on Key Technical Points of Virus-free Jiading Garlic Original Seed Production

Taking virus-free Jiading garlic as test material，this paper studied the effects of water and fertilizer supply on the growth of tissue-cultured seedlings and bulbs and quality of the original seed，and the effects of subculture number and sowing time of tissue-cultured bulbs on quality of the original seed．Then，a production comparative experiment of virus-free original seed and conventional garlic seed was conducted．The optimum combination of treatments（tissue type：tissue culture bulb，32 hole disc，irrigation time of 30 min，fertilizer interval of 14 days）was screened out by water and fertilizer supply experiment．Compared with the 8-generation tissue-cultured bulbs，15-generation tissue-cultured bulbs were more suitable for the original breeding of Jiading garlic．Relative late sowing was beneficial to increase the proportion of normal lobes in the original seed bulbs，but it would significantly affect the accumulation of bulb biomass．In production comparative experiment，various growth index and bulb quality of virus-free garlic seed were remarkably superior than those of conventional garlic seed．Results of this experiment have provided technical support for realizing the industrialization of virus-free seedlings of Jiading garlic．