肥密互作对旱地冬小麦品种普冰151旗叶光合特性、产量及品质的影响

为给旱地冬小麦优质高产栽培提供参考,选用旱地冬小麦品种普冰151为试材,采用裂区试验设计,主区为施肥量,设229、459和688kg·hm~(-2)3个水平,副区为种植密度,设180×10~4、240×10~4、300×10~4和360×10~4株·hm~(-2) 4个水平,研究了施肥量和种植密度对普冰151旗叶光合特性、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,施肥量和种植密度均显著影响普冰151的旗叶光合特性,旗叶净光合速率(Pn)和SPAD值在施肥量为459kg·hm~(-2)和种植密度为240×104株·hm~(-2)时达到最高值。随施肥量增加,普冰151产量先升后降,在施肥量为459kg·hm~(-2)时最高;当种植密度为300×104株·hm~(-2)时产量最高。增加施肥量可显著提高普冰151的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值,稳定时间在施肥量为459kg·hm~(-2)时达到最大值;蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和稳定时间随种植密度的增加先升后降,沉降值随种植密度增加而增加。在本试验条件下,实现普冰151高产和优质的适宜施肥量为459kg·hm~(-2),种植密度为300×104株·hm~(-2)。

Interactive Effects of Fertilizer and Planting Density on Photosynthesis Characteristics of Flag Leaf,Yield and Quality of Pubing 151

In order to provide theory basis for high quality and high yield of dryland winter wheat cultivation,the effects of fertilizer and planting density on photosynthesis characteristics of flag leaf,yield and grain quality were studied. Pubing 151 was used as experimental material,with split plot experimental design(three levels of fertilizer rate 229,459 and 688 kg·hm^-2 served as main block and four planting density 180×10,240×10,300×10 and 360×10 plant·hm^-2 served as split block.The results showed that fertilizer rate and planting density had significant effects on photosynthesis characteristics of flag leaf,and the highest SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate(P_n) was obtained under fertilizer rate of 459 kg·hm^-2 and density of 240×10 plant·hm^-2. With the increase of fertilizer rate,the yield was increased first and then decreased,with the peak value at the fertilizer rate of 459 kg·hm^-2,and the planting density of the highest yield was 300×10 plant·hm^-2. The protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value was increased significantly as fertilizer rate improved,and the longest stability time was reached at the fertilizer rate of 459 kg·hm^-2. The protein content,wet gluten content and stability time was increased first and then decreased with enhancement of planting density,while sedimentation value was increased with the increase of planting density. In this study,the appropriate fertilizer rate and planting density of wheat Pubing 151 are 459 kg·hm^-2 and 300×10 plant·hm^-2,respectively.