麦类作物穗器官的光合性能研究进展

由于麦类作物穗器官的光合作用在整株物质生产中占有重要位置,对籽粒产量具有重要贡献,因此应当充分认识当前小麦高产和超高产探索中,穗茎非叶器官的光合优质。穗光合表现出明显的C4型或者C3～C4中间型特征,能够将籽粒呼吸释放的CO2重新固定,对干旱高温的忍耐性明显强于叶片。本文从穗光合对籽粒产量的贡献、穗光合组织结构和光合特性等方面综述了麦类作物穗器官光合性能的研究进展,并提出在小麦超高产实践中发挥非叶器官光合优势的观点。

Review on Photosynthetic Performance of Ear Organs in Triticeae Crops

Ear organ plays a very important role in the (photosynthetic) production and is a significant source of (assimilates) for (grain-filling) in triticeae crops. Ear photosynthesis exhibits a limited C_4 metabolism or an (intermediate) C_3~C_4 metabolism and may refix CO_2 respired by grains. Compared with leaves, ear (photosynthesis) has greater tolerance to drought and heat stress. The progress on the research of ear (photosynthetic) (performance) in triticeae crops were reviewed in this paper, which includes the contribution of ear (photosynthesis) to grain yield, the structure of ear green tissues and ear (photosynthetic) characteristics. The (application) of (non-leaf) (organs) photosynthetic (performance) in super-high yield practice is discussed.