3种灵猫科动物直针毛显微形态学特征研究

目的]研究灵猫科动物直针毛显微形态学特征。方法]应用扫描电镜及偏振光显微镜对大灵猫、小灵猫和果子狸的背部、腹部、颈部和臀部直针毛的毛髓质指数和鳞片花纹类型进行研究。结果]大灵猫背、臀、腹、颈4个部位的毛髓质指数区间为68.8%~87.5%,小灵猫4个部位的毛髓质指数区间为62.5%~87.5%,果子狸4个部位的毛髓质指数区间为42.9%~61.6%;毛鳞片形态在属间和种间存在差异,同一种类身体不同部位毛的鳞片形态也有差异,同一根毛的不同部位也存在差异。用毛的显微形态学特征对3种动物进行识别具有可行性,但鉴别有一定的难度。结论]在物种鉴别中,毛的纤维形态结构如鳞片类型、髓质花纹可作为兽类分类的佐证,在野生动物的研究中具有重要的价值。

Study on Micro-morphologic Character of Straight Guard Hair in Three Kinds of Indian Civet

Objective] The propose was to study the micro-morphologic character of straight guard Hair in three kinds of indian civet.Method] The medullary index and scale pattern of straight guard hair from the back,abdomen,neck and hip of large indian civet(Viverra zibetha),small Indian civet(Viverricula indica) and masked palm civet(Paguma larvata) was stduied by scanning electronic microscope and polarizing microscope.Result] The medullary index interval of hairs from the back,abdomen,neck and hip of large indian civet was between 68.8% and 87.5%,the same index in small indian civet was between 62.5% and 87.5% and in masked palm civet was between 42.9% and 61.6%.There were differences on the scale pattern between genera and species and the differences were also found in different parts of the same animal and in different parts of the same hair.Three mammals could be distinguished by analyzing the micro-morphologic character of their hair,but there existed some difficulty on the identification.Conclusion] In the species identification,the fibre morphologic structure of hair such as scale pattern and medullary index could be used as the evidence of mammals classification,which had an important value in the research on wild animals.