西门塔尔牛及其杂交牛的脂代谢相关血液指标及肉品质的比较分析

为比较西门塔尔牛及其杂交育肥牛脂代谢相关血液指标和肉品质之间的差异，本研究选取西门塔尔牛(S组)、西门塔尔牛×荷斯坦牛(SH组)、西门塔尔牛×蒙古牛(SM组)各3头，分为3组，并对3组育肥牛的脂代谢相关血液生化指标和牛肉品质进行测定。结果表明：1)西门塔尔牛×荷斯坦牛和西门塔尔牛×蒙古牛杂交肉牛肉样红度a^*均显著高于西门塔尔牛(P<0.05);2)西门塔尔牛×蒙古牛杂交肉牛葡萄糖(GLU)含量较西门塔尔牛显著升高(P<0.05);3)西门塔尔牛×荷斯坦牛杂交肉牛肌肉黄度b^*极显著低于其他两组(P<0.01)。综上所述，西门塔尔牛×蒙古牛杂交肉牛较西门塔尔牛有较好的能量和脂肪贮存能力，且在肉色上也拥有更好的红度。本研究为肉牛选育改良及高效生产提供一定的数据支持和理论基础。

Comparative analysis of blood indexes related to lipid metabolism and meat quality of Simmental and its crossbred cattle

In order to compare the differences between Simmental cattle and their hybrid fattening cattle in blood indexes related to fat metabolism and meat quality, Simmental cattle(S group), Simmental cattle×Holstein cattle(SH group), Simmental cattle×Mongolian cattle(SM group)were divided into three groups, and the blood biochemical indexes related to fat metabolism and beef quality of the three groups of finishing cattle were determined. The results showed that: 1)The meat redness a^* in SM group and SH group were significantly higher than those in S group(P<0. 05); 2)The glucose(GLU)of Simmental cattle×Mongolian cattle were significantly higher than those of Simmental cattle(P<0. 05); 3)The muscle yellowness b^* of SH group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups(P<0. 01). To sum up, Simmental×Mongolian crossbred beef cattle have better energy and fat storage capacity than Simmental beef cattle, and also have better redness in meat color. This study can provide some data support and theoretical basis for beef cattle breeding and improvement and efficient production.