铝胁迫下不同耐性的小黑麦及其异源亲本活性氧代谢研究

[目的]将耐铝的黑麦(389和390)与不耐铝的四倍体小麦(5020)远源杂交获得耐铝的小黑麦(5020×389和5020×390),比较铝胁迫下小黑麦及其异源亲本活性氧代谢。[方法]通过水培及Al胁迫处理,检测不同处理时间小黑麦及其亲本的膜稳定性、活性氧含量及代谢。[结果]Al Cl3处理后5020、5020×389和5020×390的MDA含量与质膜透性显著增加,铝处理2和12 d,与无铝处理相比增幅为57.7%、11.1%、10.8%和22.8%、17.4%、2.2%。Al促进5020、5020×389和5020×390活性氧含量的显著提高,铝处理2 d时,H2O2含量分别增加了63.2%、47.1%、37%,O2-产生速率分别增加了63.2%、41.1%、37%,且在铝处理12 d时,只有5020活性氧显著增加。5020、5020×389和5020×390的SOD活性在铝处理2和12 d时分别增加了74.5%、63.2%、61.7%和45.1%、31.4%、20.1%。Al处理12 d时,与对照相比5020除了CAT外APX、GPX、GR活性均减小显著减小了74.1%、69%、18%;5020×389和5020×390叶中APX、GPX、GR活性增加显著分别增加了3.56倍、9.54倍与2.96倍、1.22倍与2.4倍、5.74倍。5020、5020×389和5020×390的GSH含量和GSSH含量均在铝处理12 d显著增加分别增加了54.0%、118.2%和25.3%、18.0%和22.0%、12.3%。[结论]小黑麦5020×389和5020×390表现为耐铝,且耐铝性5020×390稍强于5020×389。同时,研究表明不同耐铝品种间叶中APX、GPX和GR活性差异是小黑麦及其异源亲本耐铝性差异显著的原因之一。APX与GPX可能是5020×390耐铝的主要作用酶,GR可能是5020×389耐铝的主要作用酶。

Effect of Aluminum on Reactive Oxygen Species in Triticale and Their Heterogeneous Parents Differing in Aluminum Tolerance

[Objective]Aluminum-tolerant triticale(5020×389 and 5020×390)were obtained from the aluminum-resistant rye(389 and 390) and aluminum-deficient tetraploid wheat(5020),and to compare the triticale and its heterologous parents active oxygen metabolism under alu-minum stress.[Method]The membrane stability,active oxygen content and metabolism of triticale and its parents in different treatment time were detected by hydroponics and Al stress treatment.[Result]The contents of MDA and plasma membrane permeability of 5020,5020×389 and 5020 ×390 were significantly increased after AlCl3 treatment.The contents of MDA and membrane permeability of Al treatments were significantly in-creased after treatment with AlCl3 for 2 and 12 d(57.7%,11.1%,10.8% and 22.8%,17.4%,2.2%),respectively.Al promoted the content of active oxygen in 5020,5020×389 and 5020×390,and the contents of H2O2increased by 63.2%,47.1%,37%and 63.2%,41.1%,37%,re-spectively,and only 5020 reactive oxygen species increased significantly after 12 days of aluminum treatment.The activities of SOD at 5020,5020 ×389 and 5020×390 increased by 74.5%,63.2%,61.7% and 45.1%,31.4%,20.1% at 2 d and 12 d,respectively.After Al treatment for 12 days,the activities of APX,GPX,and GR in 5020 except CAT were significantly reduced by 74.1%,69%,and 18%,respectively,compared to the control.The activities of APX,GPX,and GR in 5020×389 and 5020×390 leaves were significantly reduced.The increase was significantly in-creased by 3.56 times,9.54 times and 2.96 times,1.22 times and 2.4 times and 5.74 times respectively.GSH content and GSSH content of 5020,5020×389 and 5020×390 increased significantly by 54.0%,118.2% and 25.3%,18.0% and 22.0%,12.3% respectively after 12 d of aluminum treatment.[Conclusion]Triticale 5020 ×389 and 5020 ×390 are resistant to aluminum,and the aluminum tolerance 5020 ×390 is slightly stronger than 5020×389.At the same time,the results showed that the differences of APX,GPX and GR activity among different alumi-num tolerant cultivars were one of the reasons that the differences of aluminum tolerance between triticale and its heterologous parents were signif-icant.APX and APX may be the main action enzymes of 5020×390 aluminum-resistant,and GR may be the main action enzyme of 5020×389 aluminum-resistant