海洋捕捞渔船用生物柴油减排的成本-效益分析

海洋捕捞业是我国渔业能耗和CO2排放的主要领域，捕捞渔船的节能减排水平低，潜力大。总结了我国海洋捕捞渔船能耗及排放现状，分析了生物柴油的特性及作为渔船代用燃料的优缺点，根据海洋捕捞渔船动力装置的特点提出了掺混生物柴油需对柴油机做出的改进措施，对捕捞渔船柴油机掺混5%体积分数的生物柴油的节能减排效果进行了成本-效益分析。结果显示，海洋捕捞渔船柴油机掺混5%的生物柴油将导致每船每年平均减少1 371元左右的燃料费用和2 000元左右的维修费用，但需付出较高的船舶改造成本；若我国所有的海洋捕捞渔船柴油机都添加5%的生物柴油，每年会降低二氧化碳排放近13.4万吨，按目前国际上的碳交易价格计算，每年将产生400多万元的社会环境效益。生物柴油具有一定的经济优势，环保性能显著，具有良好的减排效果，可以促进我国海洋捕捞渔船的节能减排和国家减排目标的实施。

Cost-benefit analysis of marine fishing vessels using biodiesel for emission reduction

Marine fishing industry is the main field of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission.Fishing vessels are with low level and have large potential of energy saving.This paper summaried the present status of the fishing vessels energy consumption and emissions in China, analyzed the characteristics of the biodiesel and the advantages and disadvantages as an alternative fuel, proposed the improving measures to blend biodiesel in diesel engines according to the features of marine fishing vessels. It performed a cost benefit analysis for the energy saving effect of blending 5% biodiesel in fishing boat energy.The results showed that there would be an average reduction about 1 371 yuan in fuel costs and 2 000 yuan in maintenance costs per year per ship if blending 5% biodiesel in marine fishing vessels,but an expensive cost of renovation. If all of Chinese diesel marine fishing vessels were blended 5% biodiesel, there would be a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions each year nearly 134 000 tons,thus it would produce more than 4 million yuan of social environmental benefits each year according to the current international carbon trading price.Biodiesel has certain economic advantages and significant environmental performance that can promote energy conservation of Chine’s marine fishing vessels and implementation of national emission reduction targets.