南北方观赏凤梨品质差异比较分析

通过对南北方观赏凤梨品质差异比较试验,分析南北方凤梨植物学性状、全碳及N、P、K元素含量、可溶性糖和淀粉、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素等生理指标的差异。结果表明,①开花期北方凤梨植株矮壮、叶色深、有光泽,花序粗壮、舒展,颜色鲜红,根系细长、侧根发达,南方凤梨叶片细长、叶色较淡,花序较弱、颜色暗红,根系粗壮、侧根少;②售后观赏期内,南方凤梨叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量及花苞片中类胡萝卜素含量下降幅度均大于北方凤梨;③售后观赏期内,北方凤梨可溶性糖向淀粉的转化能力强于南方凤梨;④售后观赏期内,北方凤梨可以吸收营养液中的磷进而转运至花苞片,而南方凤梨对磷素的吸收能力下降;⑤售后观赏期内,北方凤梨可以维持较强的碳氮代谢活动和较高的碳氮库比值。表明北方凤梨花质量好于南方凤梨,货架寿命长于南方凤梨。

Quality Comparison between Southern and Northern Bromeliaceae

Qualities such as botany characters,total carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium elements,soluble sugar and starch,chlorophyll and carotenoids were compared between Southern and Northern Bromeliaceae.The results showed that: 1) In flowering stage,Northern Bromeliaceae plant was stocky with dark and glossy leaves;Inflorescence was thick and unfolding with bright red color;roots were elongated and rich with lateral roots.The leaf of Southern Bromeliaceae was long blade with light color;inflorescence was weak with dark red color;roots were thick with weak lateral roots.2) During ornamental stage,the decreases of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoids content of leaves and buds in Southern Bromeliaceae were greater than in Northern Bromeliaceae.3) The transformation of soluble sugar into starch in Northern Bromeliaceae was stronger than in Southern Bromeliaceae.4) Northern Bromeliaceae plants could absorb phosphorus from nutrition solution and transport to buds,while the absorptive ability of Southern Bromeliaceae plants decreased.5) Northern Bromeliaceae plants could maintain strong carbon and nitrogen metabolic activity and high carbon/nitrogen ratio.These results suggest that the flower quality and the shelf life of Northern Bromeliaceae are better than that of Southern Bromeliaceae.