家禽锰营养研究——Ⅰ.蛋鸡锰营养对蛋质、孵化率的影响

以强制换羽后第2产蛋期内的滨白鸡为试验动物,在玉米—大豆饼型全植物性无鱼粉日粮(含 Mn 30mg/kg)基础上添加不同水平的 Mn(0,20,40,60,100,300mg/kg),研究日粮中Mn 水平对蛋品质孵化率的影响。结果表明:(1)日粮中 Mn 的缺乏导致破损、软壳和异形蛋增加,蛋壳品质下降,但不影响生产性能;在全植物性无鱼粉日粮条件下保持良好的蛋品质和生产性能的 Mn 适宜量应大于70mg/kg。(2)缺 Mn 造成种蛋孵化率降低,它主要作用于胚胎发育后期,使后期胚胎死亡增加;在该日粮下维持较好的种蛋孵化品质的 Mn 适宜量应大于70mg/kg。(3)产蛋期内缺 Mn 引起的蛋品质下降在后期高 Mn 作用下能得到很好的补偿,对前期缺 Mn 引起的孵化上的不良效果后期高 Mn 能给予不完全的补偿。前期饲喂高 Mn 能缓解后期缺 Mn 造成的不良后果。

RESEARCH OF Mn NUTRITION IN POULTRY——Ⅰ.EFFECTS OF Mn NUTRITION ON EGG QUALITY AND HATCHABILITY IN LAYING HENS

The forced moulting hens were used in the trials to investigate the effect of Mn levels onegg quality and hatchability,and get Mn requirement of different laying hens fed oncorn-soybean basal diet(containing 30 mg/kg Mn),to which were added 0,20,40,60,100and 300 mg/kg of Mn respectively to basal diet.The results showed:Hens produced morebroken,soft,and malformal eggs at low Mn diet,which also caused a fall in egg shell quality,but had no effect on producing performance.Mn deficiency caused hatchability to besignificantly depressed and the mortality of embryoes to be highly increased(P<0.01).HighMn level in the later stage could compensate greatly for the fall of egg quality caused byMn-deficiency within earlier laying stage and incompletely for the low hatchability.High Mnlevel in the earlier stage could relax the bad effects caused by Mn-deficiency in later stage.Inorder to get the excellent egg quality and hatchability,the level of Mn in the non-fishmeal(corn-soy type)diet should be more than 70mg/kg.