辽宁东部山区几种主要森林植被类型土壤矿质层蓄水能力分析

对辽宁东部山区具有代表性的油松林、落叶松林、红松林、柞木林、杂木林及灌丛6种植被类型的土壤蓄水能力及其影响因素进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,各植被类型80cm土层的总蓄水能力为362.0～422.2mm,平均值为387.2mm ;80cm土层的有效蓄水能力为102.4～182.2mm,平均值为156.5mm,都表现为阔叶林大于针叶林,灌丛居于中间。棕壤和暗棕壤无论是总蓄水能力还是有效蓄水能力都表现出阔叶林大于针叶林。植被类型、土壤种类及土壤层次对非毛管孔隙度有显著影响。植被类型对非毛管孔隙度的作用特点是阔叶林大于针叶林,灌丛居于中间 ;土壤类型的作用特点是棕壤大于暗棕壤 ;土壤层次的作用特点是A层>B层>C层。本研究对于科学地评价该地区水源涵养林的水文效益,指导水源涵养林体系建设具有重要意义

A Study on Mineral Soil Water-storage for Six Forest Vegetation Types in East Liaoning Mountainous Region

Mineral soil water-storage and its influencing factors were comparatively studied for the 6 major forest vegetation types such as Chinese pine, larch, Korean pine, oak, weed trees and filbert bush in East Liaoning mountainous region. It was followed that the total soil water storage in 80 cm depth ranged from 362.0 mm to 422.2 mm,averaged 387.2 mm for the 6 vegetation types, showing the largest for hardwoods, medium for filbert bush, the last for conifers. The total soil available water storage in 80 cm depth ranged from 102.4 mm to 182.2 mm, averaged 156.5 mm, also demonstrating the hardwoods were superior to the conifers. The filbert bush was in medium. The total water storage of dark brown earth was larger than that of brown earth, but the available water storage of dark brown earth was less than that of brown earth. In the two kinds of soil, dark brown earth and dark brown earth, either total water storage or available one was larger for hardwoods than for conifers.Covariance analyses indicated that the factors of vegetation types, soil types and soil horizons were significantly related to noncapillary porosity. The noncapillary porosities of hardwoods and filbert bush were larger than those of conifers, and for soil layers. The noncapillary porosity of A horizons ranked the first, B the second, and C the last. Capillary porosity of dark brown earth was larger than that of brown earth. This study was of significance to either assessment of local hydro-efficiencies of water conservation forests or guidance to the construction of local system of water conservation forests.