北方玉米品种更替过程中品质的演变

选用我国北方1950s~2000s这6个年代在生产中大面积推广应用的玉米品种为试材,在3个种植密度下比较分析品种更替过程中主要品质性状的演变特征。结果表明,我国北方单交种更替过程中,1970s~2000s品种淀粉含量在低、中、高密度下分别为0.88%、0.81%和0.77%的增长比率持续递增,1970s品种与其他年代间差异达极显著水平,脂肪、蛋白质、赖氨酸含量与淀粉含量均呈负相关关系。1970s~2000s品种更替过程中子粒脂肪、蛋白质和赖氨酸含量呈降低趋势;容重的变化整体较为平缓,年代间差异不大。我国北方地区玉米品种更替过程中蛋白质、脂肪、赖氨酸等品质指标则自1970s以来逐渐下降,说明品质没有得到正向改良。

Quality Evolution in Process of Substitution of Northern Maize Cultivars

Evolution characteristics of main quality traits were analyzed in the process of variety substitution under the three planting densities using 1950s-2000s eras maize varieties in north China. The results showed that, in the process of varieties replacement, starch content of 1970s-2000s varieties improved gradually and increased by 0.88%, 0.81% and 0.77% under the low, medium and high densities respectively and the differences between the 1970s varieties and the other eras reached significant level, content of fat, protein and lysine were negatively correlated with content of starch, which showed that content of grain fat, protein and lysine of 1970s-2000s varieties showed a decrease trend in the process of variety replacement. Change of bulk density was relatively flat in the overall. Quality indexes such as protein, fat and lysine declined gradually since the 1970s, which had been no positive quality improvement in the process of maize variety substitution in North China.