水稻eui基因及其e-杂交稻研究进展

eui基因具有遗传解除水稻不育系包穗的功能，在水稻杂种优势利用中具有重要的作用，曾被誉为杂交稻种子生产的第四遗传因子。随着一杂交稻育种技术体系的建立，已将eui基因的育种应用推向生产。eui种质具有遗传多型性，发现新的eui基因，称eui2。eui1、eui2基因具有分子水平上的遗传多样性。已分别发现一系列碱基缺失不一的eui1、eui2突变系。已用图位克隆法分离出EUI1、EUI2基因。利用辐射诱变的方法，建立了e-杂交稻育种技术体系，育成一批遗传解除包穗的长穗颈不育系，组配出相应的e-杂交稻组合。长穗颈不育系能达到解除或基本解除包穗且对“920”的敏感，其种子生产只需少量的“920”。e-杂交稻具有与原杂交稻相似的株叶形态和产量潜力，但具有明显较强的生长优势。本文概述了eui基因及其一杂交稻研究进展，并展望了eui基因和e-杂交稻育种的应用研究。

Achievement in rice eui gene and eui hybrids Studies

Since eui gene can eliminate the panicle enclosure of male sterile lines of rice, eui gene is very useful in rice heterosis utilization, which was regarded as a fourth element in hybrid rice seed production.The eui gene was succeeded in being used in rice breeding after the establishment of eui-hybrid rice breeding technology, eui resource is diversity, and a new eui gene, named as eui2, is discovered, eui 1 and eui2 gene have molecular diversities. A series of the different sequence of euil and eui2 mutant lines were discovered. EUI1 and EUI2 gene were isolated by mapped based cloning, respectively. Breeding technology of eui-hybrids of rice was established by induced breeding method.Some eui-male sterile lines were released, as well as eui-hybrid rice combinations. The eui-male sterile lines are good panicle exsertion or little panicle enclosure, and much sensitive to GA3, which due to use a little GA~ in seed production, eui-hybrids have the same plant type and yield potential to non-eui hybrids, and with much significant growing vigor. The paper reviewed the advances of eui gene and eui-hybrid rice, as well as eui gene and eui-hybrid rice breeding utilization was diseussed.