马铃薯茎尖组织培养技术研究

目的]提高离体马铃薯茎尖组织培养的成苗率和脱毒率。方法]从马铃薯上取生长健壮的芽，经消毒后在显微镜下切取1．0到1．5min长度的茎尖，接种于诱导分化培养基上，研究了不同浓度的GA3、KT与6-BA和不同激素配比以及不同浓度的基础培养基的诱导效果，探讨了茎尖组织诱导分化的最适培养条件。结果]低浓度的GA3可促进愈伤组织的形成，过高的GA3浓度会抑制愈伤组织的形成；KT比6BA具有更好的诱导效果；在MS＋GA30．1mg/L＋NAA0．1mg／L＋BBA0．5mg／L培养基中激素配比的诱导效果较好。结论]MS＋0．5mg／LKT＋0．2mg／LGA3＋0．1mg／LNAA是最为适宜的茎尖组织培养基。在28℃、每天光照16h、光照强度〉2000lx的培养条件下，经7d左右即可得到形态良好愈伤组织，经15d左右即可得到分化良好的试管植株。

Research on Tissue Culture Technology for Potato Stem-tip

Objective] The study aimed to enhance the seedling rate and virus free rate of stem-tip tissue culture of potato in vitro.Method] The lusty bud was taken from potato,and the stem-tip with length from 1 to 1.5 mm was cut under microscope after disinfection,and then it was inoculated to the medium for induction and differentiation,the induction effects of GA3,KT and 6-BA with different concn.and the different hormone matching as well as the basic medium with different concn.were studied,and the most proper culture conditions for induction and differentiation of stem-tip tissue was discussed.Result] The GA3 with low concn.could promote callus formation,the exorbitant GA3 concn.would restrain formation of callus;KT had better induction effect than that of 6-BA.In the medium of MS + GA3 0.1 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L,the induction effect was good for the hormone matching.Conclusion] The MS + 0.5 mg/L KT + 0.2 mg/L GA3 + 0.1 mg/L NAA was the most suitable medium for stem-tip tissue.Under the culture conditions of light intensity > 2 000 lx,temperature of 28 ℃,illumination of 16 h per day,the callus with good shape would be attained about 7 d later,and the test tube plantlets with good differentiation could be acquired about 15 d later.