草地硝化,反硝化微生物功能群研究进展

在全球气候变化的背景下,对于草地土壤中氮素循环的研究更加迫切和重要。温室气体氧化亚氮(N_2O)在土壤中主要来自硝化反硝化过程,都由相应地微生物功能群所驱动。为了揭示土壤N_2O产生的微生物机制,笔者从近年来草原硝化、反硝化过程相关微生物功能群入手,归纳了全球不同草原生态系统中硝化反硝化微生物功能群的数量,组成及相应的影响机制和地理格局,总结了N_2O产生过程的研究进展,分析了未来草地土壤微生物研究的热点方向,并对草地N_2O产生的微生物机制研究做出了展望。

Research Progress of Nitrifying and Denitrifying Microbial Communities in Grasslands

Under the background of global climate change, the study on nitrogen (N) cycling in grassland soil has become an urgent issue. Greenhouse gas N2O mainly comes from nitrification and denitrification processes in soil, which is driven by microbial functional groups. In order to clarify the microbial mechanism of N2O in soil, from the microbial functional groups of nitrification and denitrification in grassland ecosystems, we reviewed the quantities, composition and relative influencing mechanism and geography pattern of microbial functional groups of nitrification and denitrification in global grassland ecosystems, summarized the progress of N2O production, analyzed the future direction of microorganisms research in grasslands, and discussed future research on N2O production mechanism in grassland.