两种杜鹃不同花期的挥发性成分分析

为研究云锦杜鹃和西洋杜鹃不同花期挥发性成分的变化规律,本研究采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用技术分别测定了有香型云锦杜鹃和无香型西洋杜鹃不同花期的挥发性成分和含量,并根据香气阈值确定云锦杜鹃的主要香气。结果表明,西洋杜鹃的挥发性成分以2,2,3,4-四甲基-戊烷、(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛和1-辛烷-3-醇为主;云锦杜鹃挥发性物质以苯甲酸甲酯、α-松油醇和芳樟醇等为主。云锦杜鹃花发育的不同时期,香气成分及香气值差异明显。苯甲酸甲酯、丁香酚、桉油精、γ-依兰油烯、α-依兰油烯、芳樟醇和α-松油醇这7种香气成分在各个花期中均有释放,可能是云锦杜鹃的主要香气物质。苯甲酸甲酯和芳樟醇的香气值远高于其他香气物质且是云锦杜鹃的特有成分,可初步推测这两种化合物为云锦杜鹃的重要特征香气物质。本研究可为杜鹃花芳香品种的培育提供理论依据。

Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Different Flowering Stages of Two Kinds of Rhododendron

In order to study the changes of volatile components of Rhododendron fortunei and Rhododendron hybridum at different flowering periods,the volatile components and contents in Rhododendron varieties during different flowering stages were determined by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,the characteristic aroma of Rhododendron fortunei was determined according to the aromatic thresholds.The results showed that the main volatile compounds in Rhododendron hybridum were Pentane,2,2,3,4-tetramethyl-(E)-,2-hexenal,hexanal and 1-Octen-3-ol.And the main volatile components in Rhododendron fortunei were methyl benzoate,α-terpineol and linalool.The aromatic compounds and values were significantly different during the development of Rhododendron fortunei.There were seven aroma components including methyl benzoate,eugenol,eucalyptol,γ-muurolene,α-muurolene,linalool andα-terpineol are released in each flowering stage,which may be the main aroma components of Rhododendron fortunei.The aromatic values of methyl benzoate and linalool are much higher than others.It is presumed that these two substances are the unique characteristic aroma components.This study will provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of fragrant Rhododendron varieties.