大豆冠层不同部位叶片氮含量及氮素光合效率的分析

为了探明大豆叶片冠层不同部位氮含量及氮素光合效率的变化,以吉林省近几年推出的栽培大豆品种‘吉农40’、‘吉农41’、‘吉农43’和‘吉农48’为试验材料,在开花盛期(R2)、结荚盛期(R4)和鼓粒盛期(R6)测定叶片冠层上部、中部、下部干物质质量、全氮含量、净光合速率、氮素光合效率以及谷氨酰胺合成酶活性。结果表明:4个大豆品种叶片冠层上部、中部、下部的全氮含量在R2和R4期表现为上部>中部>下部,在R6期表现为中部>上部>下部;干物质质量在R2至R6期均表现出中部>上部>下部的变化规律;而净光合速率均呈现出上部>中部>下部的变化趋势;氮素光合效率和GS活性在R4期则表现为中部>下部>上部。本研究可根据大豆品种的氮含量及氮素光和效率变化规律以期为大豆产量的提高及优良品种的选育提供生理方面的支持。

Analysis of Nitrogen Content and Nitrogen Photosynthetic Efficiency in Different Parts of Soybean Canopy Leaves

In order to find out the changes of nitrogen content and nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency in different parts of soybean canopy,the cultivated soybean varieties'Jinong40','Jinong41','Jinong43'and'Jinong48'introduced by Jilin province in recent years were used as experimental materials.Flowering stage(R2),pod stage(R4)and blast stage(R6)were used to determine the dry matter quality,total nitrogen content,net photosynthetic rate,nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency and glutamine of the upper,middle and lower leaves of the canopy.Amide synthetase activity.The results showed that the total nitrogen content in the upper,middle and lower leaves of the four soybean cultivars showed upper>middle>lower in R2 and R4,and middle>upper>lower in R6;R2 to R6 in dry matter quality.The changes of the middle>upper>lower part were observed in the period;the net photosynthetic rate showed the trend of upper>middle>lower;nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency and GS activity in the R4 stage were middle>lower>upper.This study can provide physiological support for the improvement of soybean yield and the breeding of elite varieties based on the nitrogen content of soybean varieties and the change of nitrogen light and efficiency.