模拟干旱胁迫对马铃薯组培苗发育及试管薯形成的影响

本研究以马铃薯品种(品系)‘克新一号’、‘夏坡蒂’、‘K1’和‘K2’组培苗为试验材料,以不同浓度的甘露醇和山梨醇模拟干旱胁迫,研究干旱胁迫对马铃薯组培苗生育进程及试管薯产量的影响。结果表明:在遭受干旱胁迫下,不同马铃薯品种的叶片数、株高均会随干旱胁迫而降低;不同马铃薯品种叶和茎干物质量的变化随着干旱胁迫程度的加重而出现不同程度的降低趋势;不同品种马铃薯的试管薯结薯总数与大中薯率随着干旱胁迫程度的增加出现降低趋势,低浓度(0.1 mol/L)的甘露醇和山梨醇会诱导结薯提前,推测可能是马铃薯面临干旱胁迫的一种应对机制。本研究结果可为马铃薯节水抗旱技术研究及抗旱品种筛选提供一定的理论依据。

Effects of Simulated Drought Stress on Growth and Microtuber Formation of Potato Plantlets in Vitro

The effects of drought stress on the growth process and tuber yield of potato tissue-cultured seedlings were studied in two batches of tissue-cultured seedlings of ’Kexin No.1’, ’Shepody’, ’K1’ and ’K2’ with different concentrations of mannitol and sorbitol as drought stress agents. The results showed that under drought stress, the leaf number and plant height of different potato varieties decreased with drought stress, and the changes of leaf and stem quality of different potato varieties decreased with the increase of drought stress. The root dry matter quality of ’Kexin No.1’ and ’Shepody’ cultivars decreased with the increase of drought stress, and the root dry matter quality of ’K1’ and ’K2’ cultivars increased first and then decreased with the increasing of drought stress. Under drought stress, the formation time of tube-tuber of different varieties of potato showed varying degrees, and the total number of tuber and the rate of large and medium tuber decreased with the increase of drought stress concentration. Low concentration(0.1 mol/L) of mannitol and sorbitol could induce early formation of potato, which suggested that it might be one of the coping mechanisms of potato under drought stress. The results can provide some theoretical basis for the study of potato water saving and drought resistance techniques and the selection of drought-resistant varieties.