基于分子标记的栽培番茄遗传多样性与遗传结构分析

为分析国内外收集的栽培番茄间的遗传多样性,了解其亲缘关系,本研究选择31对InDel标记与10对SSR标记对96份国内外栽培番茄种质资源进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明,共检测到87个等位基因,平均每个位点等位基因数为2.122个;主等位基因频率变化范围为0.589~0.995,平均值为0.874;基因多样性指数变化范围为0.010~0.496,平均值为0.200;多态性信息含量为0.010~0.404,平均为0.172。96份栽培番茄种质资源间的遗传距离为0.012~0.728,平均遗传距离为0.216。通过聚类分析,将96份栽培番茄材料在遗传距离为0.306时划分为三个类群。通过遗传结构分析,在K=3时,将96份栽培番茄划分为三个群体,两种类群划分有相似的结果。聚类分析和遗传结构分析结果表明,来自不同国家的栽培番茄混杂分布,具有相似的遗传背景,96份栽培番茄种质资源的类群划分与其地理来源之间无直接关系。该研究可为栽培番茄种质资源的有效利用、亲本选择和新品种的遗传改良提供依据。

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure Analysis of Cultivated Tomato Based on Molecular Markers

In order to analyze the genetic diversity of cultivated tomatoes collected at home and abroad,and understand its genetic relationship,31 pairs of InDel markers and 10 pairs of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 96 cultivated tomato germplasm resources.The results showed that 87 alleles were detected,and the average number of alleles per site was 2.122.The frequency of major alleles ranged from 0.589 to 0.995 with the average value of 0.874.The gene diversity index ranged from 0.010 to 0.496 with the average value of 0.200.The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.010 to 0.404 with the average value of 0.172.The genetic distance between 96 cultivated tomato germplasm resources ranged from 0.012 to 0.728 and the average genetic distance was 0.216.By cluster analysis,96 cultivated tomatoes were divided into three groups when the genetic distance was 0.306.Through genetic structure analysis,96 cultivated tomato materials were divided into three groups when the K value was 3.The two division results were similar.Cluster analysis and genetic structure analysis showed that the cultivated tomatoes from different countries were mixed together with similar genetic background.There was no direct relationship between the classification of 96 cultivated tomato germplasm resources and their geographical origin. This study can provide a basis for the effective utilization of cultivatedtomato germplasm resources, selection of parents and genetic improvement of new varieties.