基于DUS测试的上海地区小麦新品种评价

本研究通过分析小麦DUS测试指南中标准品种、测试性状在上海地区的表达差异,评价小麦DUS测试指南在上海的适应性,同时对15个引进品种及9个申请审定的品种在上海的表现进行评价。通过2016-2017年的田间种植试验,用符合系数对标准品种和测试性状在上海地区的性状表现与小麦测试指南中的代码进行了差异性分析,并对性状间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,小麦测试指南中的33个测试性状中有8个性状的符合系数为1,占24.2%,数量性状的表现受环境条件的影响较大,符合系数小于0.9的2个性状都是数量性状;小麦测试指南中的42个标准品种中有21个品种的符合系数为1,其性状表达状态非常稳定。‘矮变1号’的符合系数最低,其次是‘川育6号’、‘济南16号’、‘科麦2号’,其他品种的符合系数均大于0.95。大部分品种可以作为标准品种应用于上海地区的小麦DUS测试。‘植株:高度’与多个性状存在显著相关性,3个蜡质性状间相关程度较高。‘籽粒:大小’与指南中的7个性状显著相关。引进品种在上海地区的表现较好,均具备一致性,亲缘关系较近。待审定品种‘润麦1号’表现优于所有参试品种。

Evaluation on New Varieties of Wheat Growing in Shanghai Based on DUS Testing

In order to evaluate the trait of wheat DUS testing guidelines in Shanghai,the expression of each characteristic and example varieties were studied.45 example varieties,15 introduced varieties and 9 new varieties applying for register were planted in Shanghai.This study introduced the coefficient of coincidence to analyze the differences between the real trait expressions and the codes in DUS testing guidelines of the example varieties and DUS testing characteristics in Shanghai based on the field experiments of 2016 and 2017.And the correlations between characteristics were calculated also.The results showed that the coefficients of coincidence of only 8 traits were 1,sharing 24.2%of the 33 traits in DUS testing guidelines.The performances of the quantitative traits were greatly influenced by environmental conditions.2 traits with the coefficient of coincidence less than 0.9 were quantitative traits.Among the 42 example varieties of the wheat DUS testing guidelines,the coefficients of coincidence of 21 example varieties reached 1,it disclosed that they were stable.The coefficient of coincidence of’Aibian1’was the lowest,and that of’Chuanyu6’,’Jinan16’and’Kemai2’were followed,and the coefficients of coincidence of the other varieties were greater than 0.95.It means that most varieties can be used as example varieties for the wheat DUS testing in Shanghai.’Plants:height’has a significant correlation with multiple traits,and there was a high correlation between 3 waxy traits.The grain size was significantly correlated with the 7 traits in the guidelines.The introduced varieties in Shanghai has a good growth adaptation,all have uniformity and their relationships are relatively close.The variety’Runmai1’is better than all other tested varieties.