脆化异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch)生态、生理学研究

比较研究了标准脆化的脆肉鲫(异育银鲫)与普通异育银鲫的生理生态学特性差异。脆肉鲫的横轴/纵轴、净重/总重、脏重/总重分别为0.5868±0.0301,0.8407±0.0272,0.1612±0.0248,而普通银鲫则分别为0.5107±0.0423,0.8065±0.0097,0.1935±0.0097,脆肉鲫与普通银鲫的形态学指标差异极显著(F值F0.01)。饲料中蚕豆营养成份的摄取是直接导致异育银鲫脆化的原因,并影响银鲫的正常生理生态学指标,脆肉鲫(异育银鲫)与普通异育银鲫体长(L)与体重(W)关系的体征指数方程明显不同,分别为W普通鲫=0.00000016L3.3375,W脆肉鲫=0.00000378L3.9683,肥满度系数分别为K普通鲫=0.0023,K脆肉鲫=0.0035。试验表明,脆肉鲩养殖中混养脆肉鲫的最佳方案为放养规格4cm/尾、密度2250尾/hm2,力争特定生长率在两年内平均值达到1.3488±0.0212水平,脆化度为0.41kg/cm2以上的合格脆肉鲫。此外,脆肉鲩养殖场内几乎所有摄食蚕豆的鱼类都会出现不同程度的脆化现象。文章还就进一步完善脆肉鲫养殖生产规程,合理调控放养密度和养殖水环境因子,提高脆肉鲫混养技术和养殖效益进行了讨论。

Morphological and Physiological Analysis of Crisped Silver Prussian Carp(Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch)

The morphological and physiological characteristic between the Crisped Silver Prussian Carp （C-SPC） and the common Silver Prussian carp （SPC） were compared. The length-weight relationships are significantly different between the two fish groups. The indexes such as LRA（length of left right axle）/BBA （ length of back belly axle）, BW（Body net weight ）/BTW （ body total weight ） , and BVW （ Body Visceral weight ） /BTW （ body total weight ） were significantly different between the two types of fishes. They were 0.5868±0.0301, 0.8407±0.0272, and 0.1612±0.0248 respectively for the C-SPC , and were 0.5107±0.0423 , 0.8065±0.0097 , 0.1935±0.0097 respectively for the SPC. Both morphological characteristic and crisped strength level changed significantly. Morphological indicators shows that the SPC length-weight relationships was W pc =0.00000016 L 3.3375 , and the C-SPC was W cpc =0.00000378L 3.9683 . The index of fullness of SCP was K =0.0023, and C-SPC one was K =0.0035. The study also showed that best way for the culture of C-SCP is by using 4 cm/tail fish ling, and the optimum density in fish pond is 2250 tails /hm 2 . After two years of raising, average specific growth rate reached 1.3488±0.0212 level and the strength level of meat can be more than 0.41 kg/cm 2 . All fishes that fed in our mix culture ponds could have crisp quality. The results of present study are benefit to improving the intensive production of the Crisped Silver Prussian Carp.