基于复合生态系统的城市生态基础设施优化路径

文章以复合生态系统为理论基础,着眼人-生物-城市环境三者的平衡,以北京市永定河平原城市段为例进行综合评价。首先,从人的生态游憩、生物的栖息地与城市环境的生态修复潜力3方面协调的角度整理评价因子,通过主成分分析法(PCA)筛选出22个因子并确定因子权重;其次,依托ArcGIS进行空间分析,结果表明,综合适宜性最高、中等、最低区域分别占比40.33%、43.91%、15.76%,其主要原因是流域中北部自然条件良好且基础设施完善,而南部建设程度高等人为干扰因素大且缺乏基础设施建设;最后,从人-生物-城市环境之间建立协调耦合关系的角度提出平原城市段优化策略,以期协调城市中人与自然的关系,构建完善的城市生态基础设施空间体系及可持续的城市复合生态系统。

Optimization Path of Urban Ecological Infrastructure Based on Complex Ecosystem

Based on complex ecosystem as the theoretic basis, this paper selects the plain city section of Yongding River for comprehensive evaluation with an eye to the human-biology-urban environment balance. The evaluation factors are identified from the perspective of the tripartite coordination of human ecological recreation, biological habitat and ecological restoration potential of urban environment, and then 22 factors are selected and their weights are determined using Principal Component Analysis(PCA). The ArcGIS is then used for spatial analysis and the result shows that the areas with the highest, the medium and the lowest comprehensive suitability account for 41.57%, 47.59%and 10.84%, respectively, and the main reasons are that the middle and northern parts of the basin have good natural conditions and better infrastructures, while the south part has high degree of human interference and lacks of infrastructure construction. At the end, the paper proposes the plain city section optimization strategies from the perspective of establishing a harmonious coupling relationship among human, biology and urban environment, as to coordinate the relationship between human and nature in cities and build a complete urban ecological infrastructure space system and a sustainable urban complex ecosystem.