5种植物源农药对黄脊竹蝗毒力及毒饵的制备与防治效果

为揭示5种植物源农药对黄脊竹蝗毒力强度，探寻制备诱杀黄脊竹蝗成虫新型毒饵的方法，采用碳酸铵、碳酸氢铵和氯化铵与5种植物源农药混合制备毒饵，并进行诱杀黄脊竹蝗成虫试验。结果表明：5种农药对黄脊竹蝗均有良好的致死作用，1%苦参·藜芦碱可溶液、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油、0.5%藜芦碱可溶液、1.5%苦参碱可溶液和4%鱼藤酮乳油对黄脊竹蝗跳蝻和成虫的LC₅₀依次为1.527、0.856、1.931、0.927、1.602 mg/L和1.767、0.957、2.176、1.126、1.825 mg/L；碳酸铵、碳酸氢铵和氯化铵水溶液可代替人尿作为引诱剂，其最佳浓度配比为70、80和90 g/L，5种植物源农药可代替化学药剂作为胃毒剂，胃毒剂与引诱剂的体积比：1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油和1.5%苦参碱可溶液均为1∶30，1%苦参·藜芦碱可溶液和4%鱼藤酮乳油均为1∶20，0.5%藜芦碱可溶液为1∶15。本研究提出的毒饵制备方法，可广泛用于大量诱杀黄脊竹蝗成虫，可为黄脊竹蝗的无公害防治乃至综合防治提供借鉴。

Toxicity of Five Plant-derived Pesticides to Ceracris kiangsu and Their Poisonous Bait Preparation and Effect

In order to reveal the toxicity of 5 plant-derived pesticides to Ceracris kiangsu and explore the approaches to prepare a new poisonous bait to trap and kill the adult worms, the indoor toxicity test of 5 plant-derived pesticides is carried out in Sha County, Fujian Province, with the poisonous baits prepared with the mixture of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride and the 5 pesticides. The results show that the 5 plant-derived pesticides have good lethal effect on hoppers and adults of C. kiangsu. The LC₅₀ of 1% veratrum-matrine soluble solution, 1.2% nicotine-matrine emulsion, 0.5% veratrum soluble solution, 1.5% matrine solution and 4% rotenone cream are 1.527, 0.856, 1.931, 0.927, 1.602 mg/L respectively for hoppers of C. Kiangsu, and 1.767, 0.957, 2.176, 1.126, 1.825 mg/L respectively for adults. Ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride aqueous solutions can be used as attractants in place of human urine, and the optimal concentration ratio is 70, 80 and 90 g/L. The 5 plant-derived pesticides can be used as stomach poison instead of chemical agent. The volume ratio of stomach poison and attractant is 1∶30 for 1.2% nicotine-matrine emulsion and 1.5% matrine soluble solution, 1∶20 for 1% veratrum-matrine soluble solution and 4% rotenone cream, and 1∶15 for 0.5% veratrum soluble solution. The method of bait preparation can be widely used to trap and kill a large number of adult C. kiangsu, which can also provide references for the integrated control of C. kiangsu.