氮肥运筹对小麦碳素同化、运转和产量的影响

为给小麦优质高产高效栽培中科学施用氮肥提供理论依据，在土壤肥力较高、施足有机肥和氮磷钾合理配施的前提下，研究了不同氮肥运筹对小麦碳素同化、运转和产量的影响。结果表明，将追氮时期适当推迟到拔节期与加大追氮比例(基追比例为1：1)，可以协调产量构成三因素的关系，提高小麦群体光舍速率和旗叶光合速率，延长高值持续时间，并促进营养器官贮存性同化物在开花后向籽粒中的运转，进而提高产量，增产幅度高达25.72％。认为拔节期总氮量的1／2作基肥、1／2作追肥，或总氮量的1／3作基肥、2／3作追肥较为适宜。

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Carbon Assimilation, Transfer and Yield of the Wheat

Under the condition of high soil fertility , adequate organic and reasonable N P K proportion, effects of nitrogen application on carbon assimilation, transfer and yield of the wheat were studied in this paper. The results showed that postponing nitrogen application suitably and improving nitrogen rates could (increase) (photosynthetic) rates of colony and the flag leaves, and extend the duration of the high value, and at the same time enhance the redistribution of stored assimilates in vegetative organs to grains, therefore lead to the yield (increase). We concluded that it was proper to apply 1/2 of the total nitrogen as basal fertilizer and 1/2 as (topdressing) fertilizer or 1/3 as basal and 2/3 as topdressing fertilizer.