Archaeal populations in biological soil crusts from arid lands in North America |
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Authors: | Tanya Soule Ian J. Anderson Scott T. Bates Ferran Garcia-Pichel |
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Affiliation: | a School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA b Environmental Biotechnology, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, USA c Bioscience Division, B-6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA d Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA |
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Abstract: | Archaea are common and abundant members of biological soil crust communities across large-scale biogeographic provinces of arid North America. Regardless of microbial community development, archaeal populations averaged 2 × 107 16S rRNA gene copies per gram of soil, representing around 5% of the prokaryotic (total calculated bacterial and archaeal) numbers assessed by quantitative-PCR. In contrast, archaeal diversity, determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting and clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes, was very restricted. Only six different phylotypes (all Crenarchaea) were detected, three of which were very dominant. Some phylotypes were widespread, while others were typical of Southern desert areas. |
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Keywords: | Archaea Biological soil crust Desert Mixed community 16S rRNA |
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