Cotton yield and water use efficiency at various levels of water and N through drip irrigation under two methods of planting |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang, 830011, China;2. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang, 848300, China;3. Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang, 830011, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;5. Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada;6. College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China;7. USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China;2. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;1. Department of Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey;2. Department of Soil Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey;3. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey;1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China;3. Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post, Negev 85280, Israel;1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10009, China |
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| Abstract: | The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect of various levels of water and N application through drip irrigation on seed cotton yield and water use efficiency (WUE). In this experiment three levels of water (Epan 0.4, 0.3, and 0.2) and three levels of N (100, 75, and 50% of recommended N, 75 kg/ha) through drip were compared with check-basin method of irrigation under two methods of planting (normal sowing, NS; paired sowing, PS). The results revealed that when the same quantity of irrigation water and N was applied through drip irrigation system, it increased the seed cotton yield to 2144 from 1624 kg/ha (an increase of 32%) under check-basin method of irrigation. When the quantity of water through drip was reduced to 75%, the increase in seed cotton yield was 12%; however, when water was reduced to 50%, it resulted 2% lower yield than check-basin. The decrease in N through fertigation resulted in reduction in seed cotton yield at all the levels of water supply, but the magnitude of reduction was the highest at highest level of water supply. In paired sowing (PS), 20% higher seed cotton yield was obtained as compared with check-basin method under NS along with 50% saving of water. In paired sowing the sacrifice of 9% seed cotton yield as compared with NS resulted in saving of 50% water as well as the cost of laterals because there was one lateral for two paired rows. The WUE increased by 26% (22.1 from 17.6 kg/ha cm) in drip irrigation system when same quantity of water and N fertilizer was applied as compared with check-basin. WUE was not affected with quantity of water but decrease in rate of N caused a decrease in WUE at all the quantities of water applied. In general, WUE was higher in PS as compared with NS. The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen increased from 21.65 to 28.59 kg of seed cotton per kg of N applied when same quantity of water and N was applied through drip irrigation as compared with check-basin. However, decrease in quantity of water applied resulted in a decrease in agronomic efficiency of N but reverse was true for rates of N applied. When the same quantity of water and N was applied under both the methods of planting, PS produced 22% higher seed cotton yield and along with reduced cost owing to half the number of laterals required. |
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