An ecological optimality approach for predicting deep drainage from tree belts of alley farms in water-limited environments |
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| Institution: | 1. CSIRO Land and Water, P.O. Box 1666, Canberra 2601, Australia;2. Department of Agronomy and Farming Systems University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia;1. Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, CNR, Tito, PZ, Italy;2. Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, CNR, Napoli, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, PO Box 115, Shahrekord 88186-34141, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran;3. Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;4. Department of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Research, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Karaj, Iran;5. John Deere, Moline Technology Innovation Center, Moline, IL 61265-8010, United States;6. Agroscope, Department of Natural Resources & Agriculture, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland;7. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil & Environment, Box 7014, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden;1. Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States;2. Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States;1. Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States;2. Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States;1. Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Agricultural Technology and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 56199-11367 Ardabil, Iran;2. Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Agricultural Technology and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 56199-11367 Ardabil, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The clearing of natural vegetation for agriculture in southern Australia has increased deep drainage, led to increased groundwater recharge and, hence, the salinisation of land and streams. Alley farming systems, comprising alternate belts of trees and crops, have been proposed for reducing deep drainage but their effectiveness is unknown. This paper describes an application of ecological optimality theory to estimate the equivalent no drainage (ENOD) width B (m) for a tree belt. The relative drainage RD from an alley farm, compared to conventional agriculture is, therefore, 1 ? B/W, where W is the centre spacing of the belts. We present a method for estimating BLA from the leaf area per unit length of belt LLA (m2 m?1), divided by the leaf area index LAI (m2 m?2) of nearby natural vegetation. Preliminary evaluation of BLA showed good agreement with BWB measured from water balance and BDD measured from deep drainage. The estimation of BLA for calculation of RD allows rapid estimates of the relative drainage reduction expected from alley farms in water-limited environments. |
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