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Effect of nitrogen supply on leaf appearance,leaf growth,leaf nitrogen economy and photosynthetic capacity in maize (Zea mays L.)
Institution:1. Institute of Crop Cultivation and Farming, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150086, China;2. Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract:Leaf area growth and nitrogen concentration per unit leaf area, Na (g m?2 N) are two options plants can use to adapt to nitrogen limitation. Previous work indicated that potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) adapts the size of leaves to maintain Na and photosynthetic capacity per unit leaf area. This paper reports on the effect of N limitation on leaf area production and photosynthetic capacity in maize, a C4 cereal. Maize was grown in two experiments in pots in glasshouses with three (0.84–6.0 g N pot?1) and five rates (0.5–6.0 g pot?1) of N. Leaf tip and ligule appearance were monitored and final individual leaf area was determined. Changes with leaf age in leaf area, leaf N content and light-saturated photosynthetic capacity, Pmax, were measured on two leaves per plant in each experiment. The final area of the largest leaf and total plant leaf area differed by 16 and 29% from the lowest to highest N supply, but leaf appearance rate and the duration of leaf expansion were unaffected. The N concentration of expanding leaves (Na or %N in dry matter) differed by at least a factor 2 from the lowest to highest N supply. A hyperbolic function described the relation between Pmax and Na. The results confirm the ‘maize strategy’: leaf N content, photosynthetic capacity, and ultimately radiation use efficiency is more sensitive to nitrogen limitation than are leaf area expansion and light interception. The generality of the findings is discussed and it is suggested that at canopy level species showing the ‘potato strategy’ can be recognized from little effect of nitrogen supply on radiation use efficiency, while the reverse is true for species showing the ‘maize strategy’ for adaptation to N limitation.
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