基于GIS的杭州市山核桃种植生态适宜性评价

根据山核桃生产的实际情况，采用 GIS 技术、模糊数学方法和层次分析法，对杭州市山核桃种植进行生态适宜性评价。首先采用特尔菲法从气候、地形、土壤条件3个方面选取生态因子，建立杭州市山核桃生态适宜性评价指标体系，再根据各生态因子对山核桃生长与品质的影响建立隶属函数，并运用层次分析法计算各指标权重。评价结果表明：杭州市山核桃最适宜栽培面积占评价区域的30.54%，适宜栽培面积占46.52%，不适宜栽培面积占22.94%。该研究运用空间模糊综合评价方法所得出的评价结果与目前杭州市山核桃种植区的分布大体一致，较之传统的评价方法，该方法具有评价周期短、评价结果更加精确、更有利于小区域范围内生态适宜性评价等优点。

Studies on ecological suitability evaluation of Carya cathayensis planting areas based on GIS in Hangzhou city

Based on the principal of hierarchy analysis and fuzzy mathematics and the technique of GIS， the comprehensive evaluation on ecology suitability of Carya cathayensis were studied according to the actual circumstances of the whole Carya cathayensis planting regions in Hangzhou. The evaluation index system of ecology suitability of Carya cathayensis in Hangzhou was established by choosing 9 evaluation indexes from 3 aspects of climate， soil and landform with Delphi method. Furthermore， the membership function was set up according to the effects of each ecology factors on the growth and quality of Carya cathayensis suitability. And the AHP was used to determine the weight of indexes by using quantitative analysis. Then the ecology suitability map of Carya cathayensis in Hangzhou was drawn with GIS software. The results showed that the highly suitable， the suitable and the unsuitable areas accounts for 30.54%，46.52%and 22.94% of the evaluated areas，respectively. There was a general consistency between the results yielded by the method and the actual distribution of Carya cathayensis plantations. Compared with traditional evaluation methods，the spatial fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method had the advantages of short term， more detailed and suitable for small areas.