社会转型期农民的政治思想结构剖析及对策研究——以陕西杨凌示范区为例

以陕西杨凌示范区为例,对社会转型期农民的政治思想结构进行剖析,结果表明,社会转型期,农民的政治思想结构具有明显的过渡性特征,传统乡规民约对农民行为的规范功能已经式微,而农民对中央政府倡导的主流政治思想认同度不高,农村社会政治思想出现趋利化、多元化、复杂化的倾向,主旋律引导机制正在衰弱;农民的马克思主义主流意识缺失,民主政治意识淡漠,社会责任感让位于经济理性,宗教信仰中＂拜佛主义＂严重。为此,提出了加强农民的政治思想状况的对策：一是结合乡土特征加强主流意识形态的宣传教育;二是引导农民正确处理经济理性和道德理性的关系;三是依法管理规范宗教活动;四是扩大农民参与基层民主的有效渠道。

Research on the Farmers'Ideological and Political Situation and Its Countermeasures in the Social Transition Period

As indicated by the research in Yangling of Shaanxi Province,the farmers＇ ideological and political situation during the social transition period is characterized by obvious transitional features.The influence of traditional rules and regulations on the farmers＇ behaviors has decreased,the farmers＇ recognitions of the mainstream？political thought advocated by the China Central government is low,rural social and political thought tends to be interest-oriented,diversified and complicated,main theme-guiding mechanism is becoming weak;the farmers lack the mainstream consciousness of Marxism,the democratic political consciousness is weak,economic responsibility gives place to economic rationality,＂Buddha worship＂ is severe in religious belief.Thus,some measures are proposed to enhance the farmers＇ political and ideological situation,firstly,to strengthen the publication of mainstream ideology by combining local features;secondly,to guide the farmers to handle correctly the relation between economic ration and moral ration;thirdly,to legally manage the religious activities;fourthly,to expand the farmers＇ effective participation channels in grass-root democracy.