刺参血系统的超微结构观察与功能探讨

在光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜下观察刺参血系统的组织细胞结构，探讨血系统的生理功能，结果显示：(1)刺参的血系统由复杂的管网构成，排列紧密的血管上皮细胞和上皮下连续成层的基膜，构成血系统中连续而封闭的管状结构，管腔中充满血液，血系统的管网承担了血管输送血液的功能，并通过与呼吸树的连接完成血液的气体交换。(2)血管上皮细胞游离面的细胞膜、微绒毛和吞饮小泡呈酸性磷酸酶阳性反应，表明细胞具有吸收功能。血管上皮细胞内的小泡在管壁内外的物质运输中起作用。由单层细胞和基膜构成的血管壁是血液与体腔液进行物质交换的场所。(3)血管上皮细胞富含内质网、脂滴、线粒体及分泌自噬体，具有类固醇激素分泌细胞的超微结构特点，可能与刺参体内的固醇合成有关。

Study on the ultrastructure and function of Apostichopus japonicus haemal system

Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the haemal system of Apostichopus japonicus and its function was discussed. The results were:(1) The haemal system was composed of a complicated vascular net. The vascular was composed of vascular epithelia, basement membrane and vascular lumen. The vascular epithelial cell arranged tightly and the basement membrane continued and stratified, which composed a continuous and closed vascular net. (2) There were microvilli on the free surface of vascular epithelial cell and acid phosphatase positive reacation existed in the microvilli, basement membrane and endocytic vesicles, which showed that the vascular epithelial cell had the function of absorption and digestion.The vesicle in the vascular epithelial cell charged matter exchange outside and inside vascular wall. The vascular wall composed of monolayer cell and basement membrane was the location of matter exchange with which coelomic fluid and blood were concerned. (3) Besides many crinophagic bodies, there were abundant endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, mitochondrion, lipid and other secretory granule in the vascular epithelial cell. The vascular epithelial cell had the ultrastructure character of the secretory cell which implied that it might take part in the cholesterol synthesis of Apostichopus japonicus.