气象因子和坡向对思茅松产脂量的影响

为探讨气象因子和坡向对思茅松(Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis)产脂量的影响,连续3 a测定云南省普洱市景谷县同一地块2个坡向100株思茅松1—12月份的产脂量。结合当地主要气象指标,分析各气象指标与思茅松产脂量之间的相关性,坡向对思茅松产脂量的影响。结果表明:普洱地区降水较多、气温较高的6—9月份是思茅松产脂量较高时期。思茅松产脂量不仅受遗传因子控制,降水、气温、日照等气象因子和坡向也对其有显著影响。思茅松产脂量与月平均最低气温呈显著正相关,与平均气温日较差、日照时间呈显著负相关,与月平均降水量、月平均气温呈正相关。思茅松阴坡的产脂量显著高于阳坡,产脂力弱的个体全年的任何时期产脂量均低于产脂力强的个体。因此,思茅松的产脂力主要受遗传因子控制,生态因子如降水、气温、光照、坡向等在一定程度影响思茅松的生长发育,综合影响思茅松的产脂力。

Effect of Meteorological Factors and Aspect on the Resin Production of Simao Pine

In order to explore the effects of meteorological factors and aspect on the resin yield of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis, the resin production of 100 strains of P. kesiya var. langbianensis from twoaspects in the same plot of Jinggu was measured for three consecutive years. The relationship between the resin production and the main local meteorological indicators and the influence of aspect were analyzed. The results showed that June-September was a period of high lipid production in P. kesiya var. langbianensis with high precipitation and high temperature in Pu’er area. In addition to the main genetic factors controlling the resin production of P. kesiya var. langbianensis, the meteorological factors such as precipitation, temperature and sunshine, the aspect also had a certain effect, in which the monthly average minimum temperature was significantly positively correlated with the resin production of P. kesiya var. langbianensis, the average temperature daily poor and the sunshine durationwere significantly negatively, the monthly average precipitation and the monthly average temperature were positively correlated. The resin production of P. kesiya var. langbianensis in sunny slope was significantly higher than that of shady slope. The resin production of individuals with low resin producing capacity was lower than that of individuals with high resin producing capacity regardless of the period of the year. Therefore, the resin production of P. kesiya var. langbianensis was mainly controlled by genetic factors, and ecological factors such as precipitation, temperature, light, slope direction and so on affected the growth and development of P. kesiya var. langbianensis to a certain extent, thereby comprehensively affecting the resin production of P. kesiya var. langbianensis.