抚顺近10年暴雪的短期天气学分型研究

为了对抚顺地区暴雪天气有更深入的了解，并提高此类天气的预报准确率，利用500 hPa位势高度场和海平面气压场的实况气象资料，对抚顺2001—2010年近10年的15个暴雪个例进行短期天气学分型研究。结果表明：抚顺暴雪按500 hPa位势高度场可分为横槽型暴雪和小槽东移发展型暴雪，这2种暴雪型冷空气都经过贝加尔湖东南下；在海平面气压场上，抚顺暴雪可分为蒙古气旋型暴雪、倒槽型暴雪和江淮气旋型暴雪，90%以上的暴雪属于蒙古气旋型和倒槽型暴雪；蒙古气旋东南下经渤海加强再东北上是蒙古气旋型暴雪的主要特点，辽宁以南的低值系统北上是产生抚顺暴雪的必要条件；亚洲冷高压自西北或北北西向东南或南南东移动，倒槽型暴雪的亚洲冷高压强度大于蒙古气旋型暴雪的亚洲冷高压强度。此外，抚顺近10年暴雪有60%出现在12月和3月，一九—三九期间未出现暴雪。

The Classification of Short-term Synoptical Meteorology of Snowstorm in Fushun in Recent 10 Years

In order to have a more in-depth understanding of snowstorm weather and improve the prediction accuracy of this kind of weather in Fushun area, using the 500 hPa geopotential height and sea level pressure data, the author studied the short-term weather type of 15 snowstorm cases in Fushun area in recent 10 years from 2001 to 2010. The results showed that： based on the 500 hPa geopotential height field, the snowstorm in Fushun area could be divided into the snowstorm of horizontal trough and the snowstorm of developing short trough which moved eastward, the cold air flows through the Lake Baikal and moved southeast in both the two snowstorm type; based on the sea level pressure field, the snowstorm in Fushun area could be divided into the snowstorm of Mongolia cyclone type, the snowstorm of upside down trough type and the snowstorm of Jianghuai cyclone type, more than 90% of the snowstorm belonged to the Mongolia cyclone and upside down trough type; the main characteristics of Mongolia cyclone type was the Mongolia cyclone strengthen after moving southeast to the Bohai, then to the northeast, the low value system moved to the north, was a necessary condition for snowstorm in Fushun; Asian cold high pressure moving from the northwest or NNW to the southeast or SSE, the intensity of Asian cold high pressure of the upside down trough type greater than the Mongolia cyclone type. In addition, the 60% of snowstorm appeared in December and March in Fushun in recent 10 years, from the first to the third nine-day pelod after the winter solstice did not appear snowstorm.