雅安市大兴镇主要农作物的生产成本与收益现状分析

运用简单随机抽样方法抽取了雅安市大兴镇的4个村60个农户，采用半结构入户访谈法对油菜、水稻、小麦和玉米4种农作物的生产成本和产出收益现状进行调查分析。结果表明，4种主要农作物的生产成本高低顺序为玉米〉小麦〉水稻〉油菜。在生产成本构成中．人工费用所占的比例最大（达总成本的50％以上），远远高于物质费用。物质费用为水稻〉小麦〉玉米〉油菜，而在物质费用构成中，除水稻以外，小麦、玉米、油菜的化肥费用相对最高；除水稻和小麦以外，玉米、油菜的机械作业费用很少；4种农作物的农药费用都较少。4种农作物的单位面积总收益和成本收益率都表现为玉米〉水稻〉油莱〉小麦．其中小麦的成本收益率为负值。4种农作物的单位面积产量在不同农户间均有明显的差异。并以此提出降低农作物生产成本、提高农作物收益的主要措施。

Analysis on the Current of Main Crops' Production Cost and Income in Yaan City Daxing Town

The production cost and gain of four field crops(rice,wheat,maize and rape)was investigated and analysed by the means of simple random sampling and semi-structure farmer interview in DaXing town of Yaan city.The results indicated that the production cost was the most in maize followed by wheat,rice and rape.The labour power cost(above 50%)was relatively the highest and the matter cost was the most in rice,wheat and maize were the second and third and the rape was the least.In addition to rice,the chemical f...