新培育的柴达木绒山羊的群体遗传检测研究

应用简单随机抽样法，在青海省德令哈抽取柴达木绒山羊57只，利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术测定9个血液蛋白质（酶）位点（α2，Alb，Hb，Alp，PA-3，EsD，Amy，Tf，LAP），并对毛色及形态特征进行了遗传检测，结果表明,9个血液蛋白质（酶）位点中有6个位点表现出多型性，均由2个等位基因控制，位点平均杂合度为0.2773，9个外形特征中5个有多型性，其平均异质度为0.4610，毛色趋于纯白。利用群体遗传贴近度分析方法，剖析了柴达木绒山羊与其亲本群的相似程度，即外形特征上，柴达木绒山羊与辽宁绒山羊相似，而在血液蛋白质（酶）位点上柴达木绒山羊与柴达木山羊相似；在总体特征上，柴达木绒山羊与柴达木山羊、辽宁绒山羊的遗传贴近度分别为0.8257、0.8662。

Genetic Structure of Chaidamu Cashmere Goat Population as New Breed

Genetic structure and character of 57 Chaidamu cashmere goats are studied through simple random sampling, and genetic structure are estimated with PAGE of 9 blood protein（α2 ，Alb，Hb，Alp，PA-3，EsD，Amy，Tf，LAP）, and phylogeny status are investigated. The result indicated that: there was polymorphous blood albumen in 6 loci and the average loci heterozygosity was 0.2773; the average phenotypic heterogeneity degree of coat color and appearance character are 0.4610; using the analyze of the degree of genetic similarity, the relationship between Chaidamu cashmere goat populations and it''s parent groups; the coefficient of genetic differentiation between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats is less than that between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Chaidamu goats on appearance character; the coefficient of genetic differentiation between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Chaidamu goats is less than that between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats on blood protein marker；the degree of genetic similarity of between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Chaidamu goats, between Chaidamu cashmere goats and Liaoning cashmere goats are 0.8257 and 0.8662, respectively.