黄姜杀灭鱼类指环虫活性部位的初步研究

以寄生于金鱼鳃部的指环虫为指示寄生虫,采用活体感染、活体杀虫的方法,通过不同极性的溶剂回流提取黄姜,制备粗提物,进行杀灭金鱼指环虫的药效活性追踪试验,确定黄姜杀灭鱼类指环虫的活性部位,并对活性部位进行安全性评价.试验结果表明,黄姜的杀虫活性部位是70%乙醇部位,其质量浓度为20.0 mg/L时,平均最高杀虫率为100%.70%乙醇提取物经过有机溶剂进一步萃取后,杀虫药效试验表明,石油醚和最终水相萃取部位对指环虫具有杀灭作用,但石油醚萃取部位作用较佳,其质量浓度为5.0 mg/L时,平均最高杀虫率为100%.活性部位对草鱼急性毒性试验结果显示,石油醚萃取部位对草鱼的48 h半致死质量浓度(LC50)为33.54 mg/L,其安全质量浓度为9.64 mg/L,表明黄姜是一种比较安全,杀虫效果良好的水产用中草药.

Extracts from Plant Dioscorea zingiberensis against Active Sites in Dactylogyrus Found in Goldfish

The solvent extracts from plant Dioscorea zingiberensis were used as pesticide against Dactylogyrus in an infested goldfish via bath treatment to screen out active parasiticidal substances.The bioassay-oriented isolation showed that 70% of ethanol extract presented a 100% anthelmintic efficiency at a concentration of 20.0 mg/L.Both of the petroleum ether extract and the final water extract had the most definite killing active effect among the different polarity fractions of 70% ethanol extract.The petroleum...