黄花菜高密度早播育苗技术探讨

<正> 黄花菜(Hemerocallis citrina),又名金针菜,系百合科萱草属宿根多年生草本植物,是我国的特产蔬菜。黄花菜适应性强,耐旱耐瘠薄,既是优良的经济植物,又是理想的水土保持植物。 在通常情况下,黄花菜繁殖多采用营养繁殖,即分蘖(分蔸)、切片(切根)、短缩茎切割和花苔腋芽繁殖,近期也有采用组织培养繁殖的。种子繁殖通常采用种子点播育苗。营养繁殖的秧苗,虽能保持品种性状的稳定性,但繁殖系数低,大面积推广栽植受到限制;组织培养繁殖,对技术、设备条件要求高,在生产上有局限性;常规的种子点播育苗,土地利用率低,产苗量小,既浪费工时,又推迟栽植时间。黄花菜经济效益高,适宜栽培区域

Discussions on Seedlings Technology of High Density and Early Sowing of Hemerocallis Citrina

Hemerocallis citrina is a perennial herb with biennial root of tawny daylily of lily family. It is not only a better economic crop,but also an ideal plant for soil conservation. Usually the way of propagation is nutrition aud seed dibbling, but the coefficient of propagation would be low and could not meet the requiements of development in a large scale. The experiments on technology of raising seedlings in high density and early sowing carried out by the author since 1987 show that seeding period can be advanced to the early or middle of January,the growing period can be increased from 135 days to 190 days and seed quantity increased to8. 5-10kg/mu. Therefore, the seedlings can be taken from nursery in the same year and planted in thesame year,the survival rate is higher than 90% and the number of seedlings up to 250,000/mu. The coefficient of propagation is 41 times higher than that of nutritive propagation and 5 times higher than that of seed dibbling while the cost is only 1/50 and 1/4 respectively. Sufficient seedlings of hemerocallis citrina will be provided for spreading in a wide area in the mountain region of west Henan Province by popularizing this technology.