学龄儿童行为问题与家庭环境关系的调查与分析

目的探讨学龄儿童行为问题与家庭环境因素的关系,为采取综合干预措施,减少儿童行为问题的发生提供流行病学依据。方法用Achenach儿童行为量表(CBCL)和Moss家庭环境量表,对佛山市535名8~12岁小学生进行问卷调查。结果535名儿童中78名至少有一种行为问题,总检出率为14.6%,男女性别检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);非健全家庭的儿童行为问题发生率远远高于健全家庭(P<0.05);而不同父母文化水平的儿童之间,随着父母文化水平的降低,儿童行为问题的发生率呈上升趋势,检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);行为问题组在矛盾性上得分明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而在亲密度、知识性、娱乐性、组织性上得分却明显低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论学龄儿童行为问题与家庭不健全、父母文化程度偏低、家庭矛盾性大、缺乏亲密度、情感表达不畅、组织娱乐性差有关,而与性别无关。

Relationship between behavior problems and family environment in school-age children

Objective To study the relationship between behavior problems and family environment in school-age children and to provide the epidemiological information for taking comprehensive intervention measures and reducing children behavior problems.Methods A questionnaire survey was made with Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) and Moss's Family Environment Scale(FES) in 535 pupils aged 8-12 in Foshan city.Results Seventy-eight children(14.6%) had at least one behavior problems in 535 subjects,and there was no sex difference(P>0.05).The incidence of behavior problems was obviously higher in incomplete family and parents with low educational level than those in control group(P<0.05).The score of conflict increased,and that of intimacy,intelligence,recreation and organization decreased in behavior problem group compared with control group(P<0.01 or 0.05).Conclusion Behavior problems in school-age children are related to incomplete family,parents' low educational level,family conflict,lack of intimacy,poor feeling expression,and insufficient recreation and organization,but are independent of the gender.