三种百合科植物的染色体核型分析

本文报道了产于浙江和安徽的三种百合科(Liliaceae)植物的染色体数目和核型:天门冬Asparagus Cochinchinensis,2n=20(2X)=8m 12sm;萱草Hemerocallis fulva,2n=33(3x)=21m 6sm 3st十3t和多叶韭Allium plurifoliatum,2n=32(4X)=24 m 8 sm。并讨论了它们的核型特点及与近缘种的关系,其中天门冬和多叶韭的核型为节一次报道。

Studies of chromosomal karyotypes of 3 species in Liliaccae (S.L. ) .

The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 3 species in Liliaccae(S.L.)from Zhejiang and Anhui were studied.Their karyotypic characters and the relationship between the relative species were discussed.The results were shown as follows(seeing Table 1~2 for the chromosomal parameter of these spncies: Fig.1 for their idiograms)1.Asparagus cochinchinensits(Lour.)Merr.Twenty chromosomes were counted in the root-tip cells(plate 1-5,6).The karyotype was 2n = 20(2x)=8m 12 sm,belonging to 2B type,of which 5 pairs of chromosomes were larger in size,and other 5 pairs smaller.On the long arm of the 2nd pair of chromosomes,there was a secondary constriction.The absolute length of chromosome was between 1.4~4.8um.The species karyotype was reported for the first time.2.Allium plurifoliatum Rendle.Thirty two chromosomes were observed in the somatic cells(Plate 1-3,4).The karyotype was 2n = 32(4x)=24m 8sm,and consisted mainly of m-cen-tromcre chromosomes,belonging to the more symmetric 2A type.The species chromosomes were larger,the absolute length varying between 7.0~13um.One of karyotypic characters in the species was of a secondary constriction on the long arm of the second pair of chromosomes.The species karyotype is recorded for the first time.3.Hemerocallis fulva L.Thirty three chromosomes were observed in the species somatic cells from Mt.Wuyun in Hangzhou,belonging to a triploid(Plate 1-1,2).The karyotype was 2n = 33(3x)=21m 6sm 3st 3t.The karyotypic characters were that the chromosomes,except the first and second group being larger,decreased progressively in size,varying between 1.9~5.5um in absolute length: that the eighth group of chromosomes might be telocentric,and that the karyotype was 2B type,being slightly asymmetric.The species could be guessed to be a homologous triploid by the chromosomal shape.