Challenge and Opportunity in Improving Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Rice in China |
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Authors: | PENG Shao-bing HUANG Jian-liang ZHONG Xu-hua YANG Jian-chang WANG Guang-huo ZOU Ying-bin ZHANG Fu-suo ZHU Qing-sen Roland Buresh Christian Witt |
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Affiliation: | 1. Crop, Soil and Water Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines 2. College of Biological Sciences and Rice Research Institute , Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128, P. R . China 3. Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou 510640, P. R . China 4. Agronomy Department, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R . China 5. College of Environmental and Natural Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P. R . China 6. College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, P. R. China |
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Abstract: | Today, about 30% of world nitrogen (N) fertilizer is consumed by China. Rice crops in China consume about 37% of the total N fertilizer used for rice production in the world. Average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and fertilizer-N use efficiency is low compared with other major rice growing countries. Research progresses have been made internationally and domestically on the application method, fertilizer-N sources, computer-based decision support systems, and real-time N management in order to reduce N losses and increase fertilizer-N use efficiency. In addition to continuous increase in N rate and lack of adoption of new knowledge and technology in N management by farmers, we hypothesize that high indigenous soil N supply, adoption of hybrid and super rice cultivars, improper timing of N application, and practice of mid-season drainage could be the causes for the low fertilizer-N use efficiency in China. Future research work on improving fertilizer-N use efficiency of rice crop in China should focus more on improving cultivar's N responsiveness, optimizing the timing and rate of N application based on crop N status, and achieving optimal soil N supply capacity. |
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Keywords: | Fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency Nitrogen management Rice |
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