中国红鲤四群体线粒体DNA遗传多样性、起源及分化

用13种限制性内切酶对兴国红鲤、玻璃红鲤、荷包红鲤及瓯江彩鲤4种红鲤的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)进行RFLP分析。共产生17种限制性态型,其中5种酶为限制性片段长度多态性(RFLPs),归结为5种单倍型;兴国红鲤、玻璃红鲤、荷包红鲤和瓯江彩鲤的核苷酸多样性(Ⅱ)分别为0．0087、0．0059、0．0094、0．0286,瓯江彩鲤的遗传多样性最为丰富;瓯江彩鲤起源于单倍型Ⅱ为主的母系祖先,推算分化时间分别约在11．5万年、9．5万年前;玻璃红鲤和荷包红鲤起源于单倍型I为主的母系祖先,推算分化时间分别约为5～5．6万年、2万年前。

Mitochondrial DNA genetic diversity,origin and evolution of four populations of red common carps in China

RFLP analysis of mtDNA from Xingguo red common carp( C . carpio var. singuonensis ) , glass red common carp( C . carpio var. wananensis ) , purse red common carp( C. carpio var. wayuanensis ) and Oujiang color common carp( C. carpio var. color ) was conducted by 13 restriction endonucleases. 17 restrict ion morphs in all red carps were detected and in which 5 morphs were polymorphic and were def ined as 5 kinds of haplotypes. The average nucleotide diversity ( ..) in Xingguo red common carp, glass red common carp, purse red common carp and Oujiang color common carp was 0. 0087, 0. 0059, 0. 0094 and 0. 0286 respectively, which indicated there was the greatest genetic diversity in Oujiang color carp. Oujiang color carp would have originated f rom a maternal ancestor mainly composed of haplotype II, 115 thousand and 95 thousand years ago respectively. Glass red carp and purse red carp would have originated from a maternal ancestors mainly composed of haplotype I, 50- 65 thousand and 20 thousand years ago respectively.