利用分子标记辅助选择技术培育抗虫水稻品种的研究

Bt基因是从苏云金芽孢杆菌中克隆出的针对鳞翅目害虫的抗虫基因,经过基因工程方法人工改造已经获得Cry1Ab/Ac、Cry1C等抗虫基因。以云南主栽水稻品种楚粳28为受体,以携带Bt抗虫基因的"华恢1号"、"RJ-5"和"T1C-19"分别作为供体,利用分子标记辅助选择(MAS)技术进行回交育种,选育成携带Bt抗虫基因水稻新品系。结合农艺性状表现,获得了云抗虫稻1号、云抗虫稻2号、云抗虫稻3号Bt蛋白高表达的水稻抗虫品系。这些抗虫品系为云南省抗虫水稻的遗传改良和生产应用提供了基因资源和应用基础。

Insect-resistant Rice Cultivar Breeding by Marker-assisted Selection

Bt gene is an insect-resistant gene, cloned from Bacillus thuringiensis against lepidoptera pests. So far, the insect-resistant genes, such as Cry1Ab/Ac and Cry1C, have more effect to insect-resistance obtained through genetic engineering. In this study, the insect-resistant rice varieties ‘Huahui 1’, ‘RJ-5’ and ‘T1C-19’, carrying Cry1Ab/Ac, RCry1C and Cry1C, respectively, were employed as donor to transfer Bt genes into genome of ‘Chugeng 28’, which is a main rice cultivar in Yunnan Province, to improve insect-resistant of rice by backcross and marker-assisted selection (MAS). Insect-resistant transgenic rice lines were identified based on DNA, RNA and protein molecular level. Results showed that 3 types of Bt genes (Cry1Ab/Ac, RCry1C and Cry1C) were transferred into ‘Chugeng 28’ genome, respectively. Moreover, insect resistance testing indicated that these new transgenic cultivars, carrying 3 kinds of Bt genes, Cry1Ab/Ac, RCry1C and Cry1C, were resistant to lepidoptera pests. These new cultivars were named ‘Yunkangchongdao 1’, ‘Yunkangchongdao 2’, and ‘Yunkangchongdao 3’, respectively. These insect resistant rice lines would provide genetic resources and applying basis for insect-resistance rice genetic improvement and production in Yunnan Province.