蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状精准评价

为深入了解蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状特征及相关性,以防虫网隔离纯化1代的554份国内外蚕豆种质资源为试材,利用相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法,对采用数码考种仪获得的种子表型性状进行了综合分析。结果表明:供试蚕豆种质资源种子表型变异范围广,遗传多样性丰富,以百粒重的变异最大;百粒重、种子投影面积、周长、粒长、粒宽和直径这6个表型性状之间具有较高的相关性,相关系数均大于0.80且达到了极显著水平;对8个数量性状进行主成分分析,前3个主成分的贡献率分别为74.60%、23.09%和1.70%,累计贡献率达到99.39%,几乎覆盖参试种子数量性状的全部信息,上述6个表型性状的变异对第1主成分贡献较大,均为籽粒大小性状;聚类分析将所有参试材料聚为3类,与播期和地理来源有一定相关性。基于种子表型性状的综合分析,筛选出11份具有近圆形种子、适宜全程机械化种植和8份具有高产潜力的优异蚕豆资源。

Accurate Evaluation on Seed Phenotypic Traits of Faba Bean Germplasm Resources

For in-depth understanding the feature and correlation of seed phenotypic traits of faba beangermplasm resources，comprehensive analyses were conducted in combination with correlation analysis，principalcomponent analysis and cluster analysis，etc. taking domestic and overseas 554 sets purified for 1 generationof faba bean germplasm resources by insect nets as material，on seed phenotypic traits obtained from digitalequipment of seed examination. The results revealed that the tested seed phenotypic traits of faba bean germplasmresources had a wide range variation and rich genetic diversity，especially in the trait of 100-seed weight.Correlation analysis found that there was high correlation among 6 phenotypic traits of seed，including 100-seedweight，seed projection area，perimeter，seed length，seed width and diameter；and the correlation coefficientswere greater than 0.80，reaching extremely significant level. The principal component analysis of 8 quantitativetraits showed that the component contribution rate of the former 3 components were 74.60%，23.09% and 1.70%，respectively，with the cumulative contribution rate of 99.39%，almost covering the whole information of thequantitative traits of the tested seeds. The variation of the above mentioned 6 phenotypic traits contributed largely tothe first principal component，which were all seed size characters. The cluster analysis showed that all the testedmaterial were classified into 3 groups associated with sowing time and geographical origin to some extent. Based onthe comprehensive analyses of seed phenotypic traits，11 genotypes with nearly spherical seeds and 8 genotypeswith high yield potential resources were selected for faba bean genetic improvement suitable for mechanizedproduction，and vegetable faba beans with high yield.