美国农业政策演变阶段、趋势和启示

美国作为世界上最大的农业生产和贸易国,其农业政策对世界农产品市场有重要影响。梳理了美国农业政策演变阶段,展望了其未来趋势和对中国农业政策的启示,并根据美国农业政策主要内容的差异,可将其演变分为四个阶段;未来美国农业政策将更加注重完善农业保险补贴政策,重视保护资源和环境,农业政策将逐渐由"黄箱"向"绿箱"政策转变。对于中国来说,应借鉴美国农业政策的一些措施,如从法制高度完善中国农业政策体系,根据社会经济和国际农业规则的发展变化调整农业政策,农业政策的制定要秉承"以人为本"和可持续发展的理念。

Development Stages,Future Trend and Enlightenmentf USA’s Agricultural Policies

As the largest agricultural production and trade country in the world, the agricultural policy of USA exerts significant impact on the world agricultural market. This paper combed the development stages of USA’s agricultural policy, and forecasted its tendency and the enlightenment to China’s agricultural policy. According to the differences among the main contents of USA’s agricultural policy, this paper divided its evolution into 4 stages. In the future, the USA would put more emphasis on improving agricultural insurance subsidy policy, pay attention on protecting resources and environment, and its policy would change from yellow-box to green-box. China should use some measures from USA agricultural policy for reference, such as perfecting China’s agricultural policy system from the legal height, adjusting agricultural policy according to social economy and development changes of international agricultural regulation, and adhering to the concepts of ‘people-oriented’ and sustainable development when making agricultural policy.