我国区域间农民收入差异及成因分析

改革开放30余年,我国农业和农村发展取得了显著成就,农民收入不断增长。但无论与发达国家的农业生产者相比,还是与我国的城镇居民相比,我国农民收入都显得水平较低,且城乡之间、地区之间以及农民内部收入均存在较大差距。这不仅影响我国城乡经济的协调发展,还有可能影响到整个社会的和谐发展。通过对江苏、河南、四川三省农民收入的水平、来源结构以及收入差距等方面进行比较分析,总结归纳了三省农民收入的差异性。在此基础上深入剖析了造成我国区域间农民收入差异的成因,并提出制定优惠政策促进工业化城镇化发展增加农民非农就业机会、加大对农村教育和农业科研的投资力度提高农村劳动力素质和农业科技水平、合理调整农业产业结构促进农业生产的合理布局等促进农民增收、缩小农民收入差异的政策建议。

The Analysis on Chinese Regional Peasant's Income Differences and Causes

Agriculture in rural area development have made remarkable achievements, and the farmers income has kept increasing continuousely during over 30 years since the reformation and openning door policy was impimented. But no matter comparing with agricultural producers in the developed countries, or with Chinese urban residents, Chinese farmers income is still very low, and there are big differences in incomes between urban city and countryside, between different regions and even between farmer themselve. This fact affects not only the coordinate development of urban and rural area economy, but also the harmonious development of whole society. This paper compared and analyzed the level, source structure and differences of farmer incomes in Jiangsu, Henan and Sichuan provinces; summarized the differences existing in the 3 provinces; analyzed the reasons causing farmers income differences on this basis; and then put forward recommendations for developing favorable policies to promote industrialization, ubanization, increase off-farm job opportunities for farmers; strengthen investment for rural education and agricultural scientific research, so as to improve the quality of rural labor force, level of agricultural scientific research; and rationally adjust the agricultural industry structure, promote the reasonable distribution of agricultural production.